III.
Where Does Scripture Speak of Solemnity?
Where Does Scripture Speak of Solemnity?
The
relevant texts[1]
in the King James Bible on solemn
worship are found in several groups. The
first[2]
refers to the public gathering for worship as a “solemn assembly”:
relevant texts[1]
in the King James Bible on solemn
worship are found in several groups. The
first[2]
refers to the public gathering for worship as a “solemn assembly”:
Lev. 23:36
Seven days ye shall offer an offering made by fire unto the LORD: on the eighth
day shall be an holy convocation unto you; and ye shall offer an offering made
by fire unto the LORD: it is a solemn assembly; and ye
shall do no servile work therein.
Seven days ye shall offer an offering made by fire unto the LORD: on the eighth
day shall be an holy convocation unto you; and ye shall offer an offering made
by fire unto the LORD: it is a solemn assembly; and ye
shall do no servile work therein.
Num. 29:35
On the eighth day ye shall have a solemn assembly: ye shall do no
servile work therein:
On the eighth day ye shall have a solemn assembly: ye shall do no
servile work therein:
Deut. 16:8
Six days thou shalt eat unleavened bread: and on the seventh day shall be
a solemn assembly to the LORD thy God: thou shalt do no work therein.
Six days thou shalt eat unleavened bread: and on the seventh day shall be
a solemn assembly to the LORD thy God: thou shalt do no work therein.
2Kings 10:20
And Jehu said, Proclaim a solemn assembly for Baal. And they proclaimed
it.
And Jehu said, Proclaim a solemn assembly for Baal. And they proclaimed
it.
2Chr. 7:9
And in the eighth day they made a solemn assembly: for they kept the
dedication of the altar seven days, and the feast seven days.
And in the eighth day they made a solemn assembly: for they kept the
dedication of the altar seven days, and the feast seven days.
Neh. 8:18
Also day by day, from the first day unto the last day, he read in the book of
the law of God. And they kept the feast seven days; and on the eighth day
was a solemn assembly, according unto the manner.
Also day by day, from the first day unto the last day, he read in the book of
the law of God. And they kept the feast seven days; and on the eighth day
was a solemn assembly, according unto the manner.
Is. 1:13
Bring no more vain oblations; incense is an abomination unto me; the new moons
and sabbaths, the calling of assemblies, I cannot away with; it is
iniquity, even the solemn meeting.
Bring no more vain oblations; incense is an abomination unto me; the new moons
and sabbaths, the calling of assemblies, I cannot away with; it is
iniquity, even the solemn meeting.
Joel 1:14
Sanctify ye a fast, call a solemn assembly, gather the elders and
all the inhabitants of the land into the house of the LORD your God, and
cry unto the LORD,
Sanctify ye a fast, call a solemn assembly, gather the elders and
all the inhabitants of the land into the house of the LORD your God, and
cry unto the LORD,
Joel 2:15
Blow the trumpet in Zion, sanctify a fast, call a solemn assembly:
Blow the trumpet in Zion, sanctify a fast, call a solemn assembly:
Amos 5:21 I
hate, I despise your feast days, and I will not smell in your solemn
assemblies.
hate, I despise your feast days, and I will not smell in your solemn
assemblies.
The second[3]
refers to “solemn feasts,” “solemn assemblies,” or specific gatherings for
worship as “solemnities”:
refers to “solemn feasts,” “solemn assemblies,” or specific gatherings for
worship as “solemnities”:
Num. 10:10
Also in the day of your gladness, and in your solemn days, and in the
beginnings of your months, ye shall blow with the trumpets over your burnt
offerings, and over the sacrifices of your peace offerings; that they may be to
you for a memorial before your God: I am the LORD your God.
Also in the day of your gladness, and in your solemn days, and in the
beginnings of your months, ye shall blow with the trumpets over your burnt
offerings, and over the sacrifices of your peace offerings; that they may be to
you for a memorial before your God: I am the LORD your God.
Num. 15:3
And will make an offering by fire unto the LORD, a burnt offering, or a
sacrifice in performing a vow, or in a freewill offering, or in your solemn feasts,
to make a sweet savour unto the LORD, of the herd, or of the flock:
And will make an offering by fire unto the LORD, a burnt offering, or a
sacrifice in performing a vow, or in a freewill offering, or in your solemn feasts,
to make a sweet savour unto the LORD, of the herd, or of the flock:
Deut. 31:10
And Moses commanded them, saying, At the end of every seven years, in
the solemnity of the year of release, in the feast of tabernacles,
And Moses commanded them, saying, At the end of every seven years, in
the solemnity of the year of release, in the feast of tabernacles,
2Chr. 2:4
Behold, I build an house to the name of the LORD my God, to dedicate it
to him, and to burn before him sweet incense, and for the continual
shewbread, and for the burnt offerings morning and evening, on the sabbaths,
and on the new moons, and on the solemn feasts of the LORD our God. This
is an ordinance for ever to Israel.
Behold, I build an house to the name of the LORD my God, to dedicate it
to him, and to burn before him sweet incense, and for the continual
shewbread, and for the burnt offerings morning and evening, on the sabbaths,
and on the new moons, and on the solemn feasts of the LORD our God. This
is an ordinance for ever to Israel.
2Chr. 8:13
Even after a certain rate every day, offering according to the commandment of
Moses, on the sabbaths, and on the new moons, and on the solemn feasts,
three times in the year, even in the feast of unleavened bread, and in
the feast of weeks, and in the feast of tabernacles.
Even after a certain rate every day, offering according to the commandment of
Moses, on the sabbaths, and on the new moons, and on the solemn feasts,
three times in the year, even in the feast of unleavened bread, and in
the feast of weeks, and in the feast of tabernacles.
Is. 33:20
Look upon Zion, the city of our solemnities: thine eyes shall see
Jerusalem a quiet habitation, a tabernacle that shall not be taken down;
not one of the stakes thereof shall ever be removed, neither shall any of the
cords thereof be broken.
Look upon Zion, the city of our solemnities: thine eyes shall see
Jerusalem a quiet habitation, a tabernacle that shall not be taken down;
not one of the stakes thereof shall ever be removed, neither shall any of the
cords thereof be broken.
Lam. 1:4 The
ways of Zion do mourn, because none come to the solemn feasts: all her
gates are desolate: her priests sigh, her virgins are afflicted, and she is
in bitterness.
ways of Zion do mourn, because none come to the solemn feasts: all her
gates are desolate: her priests sigh, her virgins are afflicted, and she is
in bitterness.
Lam. 2:6 And
he hath violently taken away his tabernacle, as if it were of a garden:
he hath destroyed his places of the assembly: the LORD hath caused the solemn
feasts and sabbaths to be forgotten in Zion, and hath despised in the
indignation of his anger the king and the priest.
he hath violently taken away his tabernacle, as if it were of a garden:
he hath destroyed his places of the assembly: the LORD hath caused the solemn
feasts and sabbaths to be forgotten in Zion, and hath despised in the
indignation of his anger the king and the priest.
Lam. 2:7 The
Lord hath cast off his altar, he hath abhorred his sanctuary, he hath given up
into the hand of the enemy the walls of her palaces; they have made a noise in
the house of the LORD, as in the day of a solemn feast.
Lord hath cast off his altar, he hath abhorred his sanctuary, he hath given up
into the hand of the enemy the walls of her palaces; they have made a noise in
the house of the LORD, as in the day of a solemn feast.
Lam. 2:22
Thou hast called as in a solemn day my terrors round about, so that in
the day of the LORD’S anger none escaped nor remained: those that I have
swaddled and brought up hath mine enemy consumed.
Thou hast called as in a solemn day my terrors round about, so that in
the day of the LORD’S anger none escaped nor remained: those that I have
swaddled and brought up hath mine enemy consumed.
Ezek. 36:38
As the holy flock, as the flock of Jerusalem in her solemn feasts; so
shall the waste cities be filled with flocks of men: and they shall know that I
am the LORD.
As the holy flock, as the flock of Jerusalem in her solemn feasts; so
shall the waste cities be filled with flocks of men: and they shall know that I
am the LORD.
Ezek. 45:17
And it shall be the prince’s part to give burnt offerings, and meat
offerings, and drink offerings, in the feasts, and in the new moons, and in the
sabbaths, in all solemnities of the house of Israel: he shall prepare
the sin offering, and the meat offering, and the burnt offering, and the peace
offerings, to make reconciliation for the house of Israel.
And it shall be the prince’s part to give burnt offerings, and meat
offerings, and drink offerings, in the feasts, and in the new moons, and in the
sabbaths, in all solemnities of the house of Israel: he shall prepare
the sin offering, and the meat offering, and the burnt offering, and the peace
offerings, to make reconciliation for the house of Israel.
Ezek. 46:9
But when the people of the land shall come before the LORD in the solemn feasts,
he that entereth in by the way of the north gate to worship shall go out by the
way of the south gate; and he that entereth by the way of the south gate shall
go forth by the way of the north gate: he shall not return by the way of the
gate whereby he came in, but shall go forth over against it.
But when the people of the land shall come before the LORD in the solemn feasts,
he that entereth in by the way of the north gate to worship shall go out by the
way of the south gate; and he that entereth by the way of the south gate shall
go forth by the way of the north gate: he shall not return by the way of the
gate whereby he came in, but shall go forth over against it.
Ezek. 46:11
And in the feasts and in the solemnities the meat offering shall be an
ephah to a bullock, and an ephah to a ram, and to the lambs as he is able to give,
and an hin of oil to an ephah.
And in the feasts and in the solemnities the meat offering shall be an
ephah to a bullock, and an ephah to a ram, and to the lambs as he is able to give,
and an hin of oil to an ephah.
Hos. 2:11 I
will also cause all her mirth to cease, her feast days, her new moons, and her
sabbaths, and all her solemn feasts.
will also cause all her mirth to cease, her feast days, her new moons, and her
sabbaths, and all her solemn feasts.
Hos. 9:5
What will ye do in the solemn day, and in the day of the feast of the
LORD?
What will ye do in the solemn day, and in the day of the feast of the
LORD?
Hos. 12:9
And I that am the LORD thy God from the land of Egypt will yet make thee
to dwell in tabernacles, as in the days of the solemn feast.
And I that am the LORD thy God from the land of Egypt will yet make thee
to dwell in tabernacles, as in the days of the solemn feast.
Zeph. 3:18 I
will gather them that are sorrowful for the solemn assembly, who
are of thee, to whom the reproach of it was a burden.
will gather them that are sorrowful for the solemn assembly, who
are of thee, to whom the reproach of it was a burden.
The third[4]
similarly refers to “solemn feasts” or “solemnit[ies]”:
similarly refers to “solemn feasts” or “solemnit[ies]”:
Deut. 16:15
Seven days shalt thou keep a solemn feast unto the LORD thy God in the
place which the LORD shall choose: because the LORD thy God shall bless thee in
all thine increase, and in all the works of thine hands, therefore thou shalt
surely rejoice.
Seven days shalt thou keep a solemn feast unto the LORD thy God in the
place which the LORD shall choose: because the LORD thy God shall bless thee in
all thine increase, and in all the works of thine hands, therefore thou shalt
surely rejoice.
Psa. 81:3
Blow up the trumpet in the new moon, in the time appointed, on our solemn feast
day.
Blow up the trumpet in the new moon, in the time appointed, on our solemn feast
day.
Is. 30:29 Ye
shall have a song, as in the night when a holy solemnity is kept;
and gladness of heart, as when one goeth with a pipe to come into the mountain
of the LORD, to the mighty One of Israel.
shall have a song, as in the night when a holy solemnity is kept;
and gladness of heart, as when one goeth with a pipe to come into the mountain
of the LORD, to the mighty One of Israel.
Nah. 1:15
Behold upon the mountains the feet of him that bringeth good tidings, that
publisheth peace! O Judah, keep thy solemn feasts, perform thy vows: for
the wicked shall no more pass through thee; he is utterly cut off.
Behold upon the mountains the feet of him that bringeth good tidings, that
publisheth peace! O Judah, keep thy solemn feasts, perform thy vows: for
the wicked shall no more pass through thee; he is utterly cut off.
Mal. 2:3
Behold, I will corrupt your seed, and spread dung upon your faces, even
the dung of your solemn feasts; and one shall take you away with
it.
Behold, I will corrupt your seed, and spread dung upon your faces, even
the dung of your solemn feasts; and one shall take you away with
it.
Finally, Psalm 92:1-3 indicates that it is a good thing to
praise the Lord, not in public worship only, but also in private, with a
“solemn sound”[5]:
“It is a good thing to give thanks unto the LORD, and to sing
praises unto thy name, O most High: to shew forth thy lovingkindness in the
morning, and thy faithfulness every night, upon an instrument of ten strings,
and upon the psaltery; upon the harp with a solemn sound.” A “solemn sound” befits both the public
worship of “the Sabbath day” for Israel (Ps 92 title) and the Lord’s Day for
the church, and also the individual believer’s worship every morning and night
(Ps 92:2).
praise the Lord, not in public worship only, but also in private, with a
“solemn sound”[5]:
“It is a good thing to give thanks unto the LORD, and to sing
praises unto thy name, O most High: to shew forth thy lovingkindness in the
morning, and thy faithfulness every night, upon an instrument of ten strings,
and upon the psaltery; upon the harp with a solemn sound.” A “solemn sound” befits both the public
worship of “the Sabbath day” for Israel (Ps 92 title) and the Lord’s Day for
the church, and also the individual believer’s worship every morning and night
(Ps 92:2).
This entire study can be accessed here.
[1]
In
Genesis 43:3 the verb “to protest,” intensified with the infinitive absolute,
is rendered “solemnly protest” (·dIoEh
d∞EoDh);
the KJV margin reads “protesting protested.” A similar use appears in 1 Samuel 8:9’s
“protest solemnly” (‹dyIoD;t
d§EoDh).
These two texts are the only ones other than those referenced below that
employ a form of solemn in the KJV.
In
Genesis 43:3 the verb “to protest,” intensified with the infinitive absolute,
is rendered “solemnly protest” (·dIoEh
d∞EoDh);
the KJV margin reads “protesting protested.” A similar use appears in 1 Samuel 8:9’s
“protest solemnly” (‹dyIoD;t
d§EoDh).
These two texts are the only ones other than those referenced below that
employ a form of solemn in the KJV.
[2]
The
Hebrew noun h∂rDxSo is employed in these verses. The word occurs in the Hebrew OT in Lev
23:36; Num 29:35; Deut 16:8; 2 Kings 10:20; Is 1:13; Jer 9:1; Joel 1:14; 2:15;
Amos 5:21; Neh 8:18; 2 Chr 7:9. TWOT,
pg. 691, supports and provides a possible explanation for the development of
the meaning of “solemn, sacred assembly” for h∂rDxSo.
The
Hebrew noun h∂rDxSo is employed in these verses. The word occurs in the Hebrew OT in Lev
23:36; Num 29:35; Deut 16:8; 2 Kings 10:20; Is 1:13; Jer 9:1; Joel 1:14; 2:15;
Amos 5:21; Neh 8:18; 2 Chr 7:9. TWOT,
pg. 691, supports and provides a possible explanation for the development of
the meaning of “solemn, sacred assembly” for h∂rDxSo.
Note also that in 2 Kings 10:20
the assembly Jehu proclaimed for the purpose of exterminating the worshippers
of Baal employed the “solemn assembly” language in allusion to the Scripture
language employed of the feasts of Jehovah.
On the days of solemn assemblies to the true God work was not to be
done, so proclaiming a day of solemn assembly to Baal would give the
worshippers of the idol the leisure to attend to Jehu’s command and
consequently be exterminated. To assume
that the worship of Baal was genuinely solemn, as the worship of Jehovah truly
was, would be an invalid assumption.
However, it is nonetheless true that false worship can have a kind of
solemnity to it while rejecting other essential features of true worship—such
as, for worshippers of Baal, recognizing the true God as the One who must
receive worship.
the assembly Jehu proclaimed for the purpose of exterminating the worshippers
of Baal employed the “solemn assembly” language in allusion to the Scripture
language employed of the feasts of Jehovah.
On the days of solemn assemblies to the true God work was not to be
done, so proclaiming a day of solemn assembly to Baal would give the
worshippers of the idol the leisure to attend to Jehu’s command and
consequently be exterminated. To assume
that the worship of Baal was genuinely solemn, as the worship of Jehovah truly
was, would be an invalid assumption.
However, it is nonetheless true that false worship can have a kind of
solemnity to it while rejecting other essential features of true worship—such
as, for worshippers of Baal, recognizing the true God as the One who must
receive worship.
[3]
The
Hebrew noun dEowøm is employed in these verses. The word occurs in the Hebrew OT in Gen 1:14;
17:21; 18:14; 21:2; Ex 9:5; 13:10; 23:15; 27:21; 28:43; 29:4, 10–11, 30, 32,
42, 44; 30:16, 18, 20, 26, 36; 31:7; 33:7; 34:18; 35:21; 38:8, 30; 39:32, 40;
40:2, 6–7, 12, 22, 24, 26, 29–30, 32, 34–35; Lev 1:1, 3, 5; 3:2, 8, 13; 4:4–5,
7, 14, 16, 18; 6:16, 26, 30; 8:3–4, 31, 33, 35; 9:5, 23; 10:7, 9; 12:6; 14:11,
23; 15:14, 29; 16:7, 16–17, 20, 23, 33; 17:4–6, 9; 19:21; 23:2, 4, 37, 44;
24:3; Num 1:1; 2:2, 17; 3:7–8, 25, 38; 4:3–4, 15, 23, 25, 28, 30–31, 33, 35,
37, 39, 41, 43, 47; 6:10, 13, 18; 7:5, 89; 8:9, 15, 19, 22, 24, 26; 9:2–3, 7,
13; 10:3, 10; 11:16; 12:4; 14:10; 15:3; 16:2, 18–19, 42–43, 50; 17:4; 18:4, 6,
21–23, 31; 19:4; 20:6; 25:6; 27:2; 28:2; 29:39; 31:54; Deut 16:6; 31:10, 14;
Josh 8:14; 18:1; 19:51; Jud 20:38; 1 Sam 2:22; 9:24; 13:8, 11; 20:35; 2 Sam
20:5; 24:15; 1 Kings 8:4; 2 Kings 4:16–17; Is 1:14; 14:13; 33:20; Jer 8:7;
46:17; Eze 36:38; 44:24; 45:17; 46:9, 11; Hos 2:9, 11; 9:5; 12:9; Hab 2:3; Zech
3:18; Zech 8:19; Ps 74:4, 8; 75:2; 102:13; 104:19; Job 30:23; Lam 1:4, 15;
2:6–7, 22; Dan 8:19; 11:27, 29, 35; 12:7; Ezra 3:5; Neh 10:33; 1 Chr 6:32;
9:21; 23:31–32; 2 Chr 1:3, 6, 13; 2:4; 5:5; 8:13; 30:22; 31:3.
The
Hebrew noun dEowøm is employed in these verses. The word occurs in the Hebrew OT in Gen 1:14;
17:21; 18:14; 21:2; Ex 9:5; 13:10; 23:15; 27:21; 28:43; 29:4, 10–11, 30, 32,
42, 44; 30:16, 18, 20, 26, 36; 31:7; 33:7; 34:18; 35:21; 38:8, 30; 39:32, 40;
40:2, 6–7, 12, 22, 24, 26, 29–30, 32, 34–35; Lev 1:1, 3, 5; 3:2, 8, 13; 4:4–5,
7, 14, 16, 18; 6:16, 26, 30; 8:3–4, 31, 33, 35; 9:5, 23; 10:7, 9; 12:6; 14:11,
23; 15:14, 29; 16:7, 16–17, 20, 23, 33; 17:4–6, 9; 19:21; 23:2, 4, 37, 44;
24:3; Num 1:1; 2:2, 17; 3:7–8, 25, 38; 4:3–4, 15, 23, 25, 28, 30–31, 33, 35,
37, 39, 41, 43, 47; 6:10, 13, 18; 7:5, 89; 8:9, 15, 19, 22, 24, 26; 9:2–3, 7,
13; 10:3, 10; 11:16; 12:4; 14:10; 15:3; 16:2, 18–19, 42–43, 50; 17:4; 18:4, 6,
21–23, 31; 19:4; 20:6; 25:6; 27:2; 28:2; 29:39; 31:54; Deut 16:6; 31:10, 14;
Josh 8:14; 18:1; 19:51; Jud 20:38; 1 Sam 2:22; 9:24; 13:8, 11; 20:35; 2 Sam
20:5; 24:15; 1 Kings 8:4; 2 Kings 4:16–17; Is 1:14; 14:13; 33:20; Jer 8:7;
46:17; Eze 36:38; 44:24; 45:17; 46:9, 11; Hos 2:9, 11; 9:5; 12:9; Hab 2:3; Zech
3:18; Zech 8:19; Ps 74:4, 8; 75:2; 102:13; 104:19; Job 30:23; Lam 1:4, 15;
2:6–7, 22; Dan 8:19; 11:27, 29, 35; 12:7; Ezra 3:5; Neh 10:33; 1 Chr 6:32;
9:21; 23:31–32; 2 Chr 1:3, 6, 13; 2:4; 5:5; 8:13; 30:22; 31:3.
Note the rendering of dEowøm in
various texts in the Vulgate; e. g., in
2 Chr 2:4 the “solemn feasts of the LORD our God” is rendered as solemnitatibus Domini Dei nostri, in Is
33:20 “the city of our solemnities” is civitatem
solemnitatis nostræ, in Lam 1:4, “solemn feasts” is solemnitatem; in Lam 2:7 “solemn feast” is solemni; in Eze 36:38 “solemn feasts” is solemnitatibus; in Eze 45:17, “solemnities of the house of Israel”
is solemnitatibus domus Israël; see also Eze 46:9, 11, Hos 9:5, etc.
various texts in the Vulgate; e. g., in
2 Chr 2:4 the “solemn feasts of the LORD our God” is rendered as solemnitatibus Domini Dei nostri, in Is
33:20 “the city of our solemnities” is civitatem
solemnitatis nostræ, in Lam 1:4, “solemn feasts” is solemnitatem; in Lam 2:7 “solemn feast” is solemni; in Eze 36:38 “solemn feasts” is solemnitatibus; in Eze 45:17, “solemnities of the house of Israel”
is solemnitatibus domus Israël; see also Eze 46:9, 11, Hos 9:5, etc.
Note also that dEowøm,
because of its fundamental meaning of “appointed time, place, or meeting” (BDB)
and its derivation from dAoDy, “to appoint,” supports the Regulative Principle of
worship, namely, that whatever is not commanded in Scriptural worship is
forbidden. See
http://faithsaves.net/ecclesiology for further information on the Regulative
Principle as a crucial Biblical teaching.
because of its fundamental meaning of “appointed time, place, or meeting” (BDB)
and its derivation from dAoDy, “to appoint,” supports the Regulative Principle of
worship, namely, that whatever is not commanded in Scriptural worship is
forbidden. See
http://faithsaves.net/ecclesiology for further information on the Regulative
Principle as a crucial Biblical teaching.
[4]
Deut
16:15 employs the verb gÅgDj, while Ps 81:3; Is 30:29; Nah 1:15; Mal 2:3 employ
the noun gAj. The verb
occurs in the Hebrew OT in Ex 5:1; 12:14; 23:14; Lev 23:39, 41; Num 29:12; Deut
16:15; 1 Sam 30:16; Nah 1:15; Zech 14:16, 18–19; Ps 42:4; 107:27. The noun occurs in the Hebrew OT in Ex 10:9;
12:14; 13:6; 23:15–16, 18; 32:5; 34:18, 22, 25; Lev 23:6, 34, 39, 41; Num
28:17; 29:12; Deut 16:10, 13–14, 16; 31:10; Jud 21:19; 1 Kings 8:2, 65;
12:32–33; Is 29:1; 30:29; Eze 45:17, 21, 23, 25; 46:11; Hos 2:11; 9:5; Amos
5:21; 8:10; Nah 1:15; Zech 14:16, 18–19; Mal 2:3; Ps 81:3; 118:27; Ezra 3:4;
6:22; Neh 8:14, 18; 2 Chr 5:3; 7:8–9; 8:13; 30:13, 21; 35:17. The Latin Vulgate
renders gAj as “solemnity,” solemnitas,
in texts such as 2 Chr 7:9; Neh 8:18; Ps 81:3 (Lat. 80:4); Is 30:29; Eze 45:17;
Hos 2:11; Mal 2:3, etc.
Deut
16:15 employs the verb gÅgDj, while Ps 81:3; Is 30:29; Nah 1:15; Mal 2:3 employ
the noun gAj. The verb
occurs in the Hebrew OT in Ex 5:1; 12:14; 23:14; Lev 23:39, 41; Num 29:12; Deut
16:15; 1 Sam 30:16; Nah 1:15; Zech 14:16, 18–19; Ps 42:4; 107:27. The noun occurs in the Hebrew OT in Ex 10:9;
12:14; 13:6; 23:15–16, 18; 32:5; 34:18, 22, 25; Lev 23:6, 34, 39, 41; Num
28:17; 29:12; Deut 16:10, 13–14, 16; 31:10; Jud 21:19; 1 Kings 8:2, 65;
12:32–33; Is 29:1; 30:29; Eze 45:17, 21, 23, 25; 46:11; Hos 2:11; 9:5; Amos
5:21; 8:10; Nah 1:15; Zech 14:16, 18–19; Mal 2:3; Ps 81:3; 118:27; Ezra 3:4;
6:22; Neh 8:14, 18; 2 Chr 5:3; 7:8–9; 8:13; 30:13, 21; 35:17. The Latin Vulgate
renders gAj as “solemnity,” solemnitas,
in texts such as 2 Chr 7:9; Neh 8:18; Ps 81:3 (Lat. 80:4); Is 30:29; Eze 45:17;
Hos 2:11; Mal 2:3, etc.
[5]
NwøyÎ…gIh. The noun occurs in the OT in Ps 9:16; 19:14;
92:3; Lam 3:62. The idea of
“meditation,” not in the Eastern mystical sense but in the Biblical sense of
active thinking about God, is also found in the word (cf. Ps 9:16; 19:14; Lam
3:62). Biblical music is both solemn in
sound and of a sort that encourages active use of the mind in thinking on the
character of the Lord. Concerning the
solemnity idea in NwøyÎ…gIh here, note: “NwøyÎ…gIh . .
. a musical notation (prob. similar to the modern affettuoso to indicate solemnity of movement) . . . solemn sound”
(pg. 32, A Concise Dictionary of the
Words in the Greek Testament and The Hebrew Bible, James Strong. Bellingham, WA: Logos Bible Software,
2009). “Kimchi . . . explains higgâyôn to be ‘the melody of the hymn
when played on the harp’” (pg. 44, The
Psalms, with Introductions and Critical Notes, vol. 1, 2nd ed., A.
C. Jennings and W. H. Lowe. (London:
Macmillan and Co., 1884)). “Higgaion . . . means ‘meditation,’ and,
combined with Selah, seems to denote
a pause of unusual solemnity and emphasis” (Commentary
Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible, Robert Jamieson, A. R.
Fausset, and David Brown. (Oak Harbor,
WA: Logos Research Systems, Inc., 1997), on Ps 9:16). “Higgaion
. . . befits the solemn theme” (pg. 116, Psalms
1-50, Peter C. Craigie & Marvin E. Tate. (Nashville, TN: Thomas Nelson, 1983)). “Higgaion,
a call to deep reflection or solemn musing . . . [in Psalm 92:3] הִגָּיוֹן [is] ‘solemn
heart-musing’ to accompany the harp. For this seems the only plain sense of
NwâøyÎ…gIh y™ElSo. It is upon the heart-strings,
so to speak, as well as harp-strings”
(pgs. 33, 278-279, Christ and His Church
in the Book of Psalms, Andrew A. Bonar.
(New York, NY: Robert Carter
& Brothers, 1860)).
NwøyÎ…gIh. The noun occurs in the OT in Ps 9:16; 19:14;
92:3; Lam 3:62. The idea of
“meditation,” not in the Eastern mystical sense but in the Biblical sense of
active thinking about God, is also found in the word (cf. Ps 9:16; 19:14; Lam
3:62). Biblical music is both solemn in
sound and of a sort that encourages active use of the mind in thinking on the
character of the Lord. Concerning the
solemnity idea in NwøyÎ…gIh here, note: “NwøyÎ…gIh . .
. a musical notation (prob. similar to the modern affettuoso to indicate solemnity of movement) . . . solemn sound”
(pg. 32, A Concise Dictionary of the
Words in the Greek Testament and The Hebrew Bible, James Strong. Bellingham, WA: Logos Bible Software,
2009). “Kimchi . . . explains higgâyôn to be ‘the melody of the hymn
when played on the harp’” (pg. 44, The
Psalms, with Introductions and Critical Notes, vol. 1, 2nd ed., A.
C. Jennings and W. H. Lowe. (London:
Macmillan and Co., 1884)). “Higgaion . . . means ‘meditation,’ and,
combined with Selah, seems to denote
a pause of unusual solemnity and emphasis” (Commentary
Critical and Explanatory on the Whole Bible, Robert Jamieson, A. R.
Fausset, and David Brown. (Oak Harbor,
WA: Logos Research Systems, Inc., 1997), on Ps 9:16). “Higgaion
. . . befits the solemn theme” (pg. 116, Psalms
1-50, Peter C. Craigie & Marvin E. Tate. (Nashville, TN: Thomas Nelson, 1983)). “Higgaion,
a call to deep reflection or solemn musing . . . [in Psalm 92:3] הִגָּיוֹן [is] ‘solemn
heart-musing’ to accompany the harp. For this seems the only plain sense of
NwâøyÎ…gIh y™ElSo. It is upon the heart-strings,
so to speak, as well as harp-strings”
(pgs. 33, 278-279, Christ and His Church
in the Book of Psalms, Andrew A. Bonar.
(New York, NY: Robert Carter
& Brothers, 1860)).
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