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The New King James Version Does Not Come From the Same Text as the King James Version

In recent days at his youtube channel, Mark Ward again compared the New King James Version (NKJV) with the King James Version (KJV).  This goes back a few years, when Ward wrote a blog post that said that the NKJV and the KJV came from an identical Greek New Testament text.  In the comment section, I started giving him examples of differences, five at a time.  I provided these examples after he made his claim.  His claim did not come from his own personal research.  After continuing to give examples about five at a time, that showed his claim was wrong, Ward admitted that the two texts were not the same in at least six places.

Systematic Search

The standard as to whether the NKJV and KJV are different, however, is not the few differences that I found in the little time after Ward made his claim.  Ward speaks about the differences as though there were just six that really don’t matter much to the meaning of the text.  He does not mention that he did not find these variations himself.  He also treats those six like they represent all of the differences. It’s just not true though.  I hardly looked for examples and found the few ones that I sent him without any systematic search.

Since Mark Ward won’t stop misrepresenting the issue of the differences between the text underlying the NKJV and the KJV, I decided to start a more systematic search in my spare time.  I began in Matthew 1 to start chapter by chapter through the New Testament, and I’m to the fifth chapter of Mark  So, this is just Matthew — one gospel — and then Mark 1-5.  That doesn’t mean that I found every example, because I don’t have a copy of the text for the NKJV.  Perhaps one doesn’t exist.

If someone were trying to study and teach from the NKJV and use the original languages, what text would he use for that study?  I’m asserting there is none.  It doesn’t come from the same text as the KJV so an underlying text of the NKJV, that same as that translation, is not available.  That’s a tough one, wouldn’t you say?

Examples

To find my examples, I had to look at the two translations and compare them.  When I saw differences, then I went to the Greek text to see if these differences were the result of a different text.  Again, Mark Ward didn’t do this work.  He doesn’t look for these examples.  How does someone report something like fact that he doesn’t even know?  All of the examples to which Mark refers came from my finding them for him.

Without further adieu, below are the most recent examples I found of differences between the underlying text of the NKJV and the KJV [CT=Critical Text, TR=Textus Receptus].

Matthew

  1. 1:18—KJV, TR, ”as,” gar versus NKJV, CT, no “as,” no gar
  2. 7:9-10—KJV, TR, “if he ask,” aorist versus NKJV, CT, “if he asks,” future
  3. 9:17—KJV, TR, “perish,” future middle versus NKJV, CT, “are ruined,” present passive
  4. 9:22—NKJV, CT, strepho, versus KJV, TR, “turned him about”epistrepho, “turned around”
  5. 10:19—KJV, TR, “shall speak,” future versus NKJV, CT, “should speak,” subjunctive
  6. 13:36—NKJV, CT, “explain,” diasapheo versus KJV, TR, “declare,” phrazo
  7. 16:17—KJV, TR, kai, “and” versus NKJV, CT, no kai, no “and” to start verse
  8. 18:6—KJV, TR, epi, about,” versus NKJV, CT, peri, “around”
  9. 19:5—KJV, TR, proskalleo, “shall cleave” versus NKJV, CT, “be joined,” kalleo
  10. 20:20—KJV, TR, ”of,” para, versus NKJV, CT, apo, “from”
  11. 21:25—KJV, TR, para, “with” versus NKJV, CT, en, “among”
  12. 22:10—KJV, TR, hosous, “as many as” versus NKJV, CT, hous, “whom”
  13. 23:34—KJV, TR, kai, “and” versus NKJV, CT, eliminates kai, no “and”
  14. 27:3—KJV, TR, apestrephe, “brought again” versus NKJV, CT, apostrepho, ”brought back”

Mark

  1. 1:16—KJV, TR, de, “now” versus NKJV, CT, kai, “and”
  2. 2:15—KJV, TR, to, “that” versus NKJV, CT, no to, no “that”
  3. 2:21—KJV, TR, kai, “also” versus NKJV, CT, no kai, no “also”
  4. 4:18—KJV, TR, no eisin, “they are” versus NKJV, CT, eisin, “they are” (in italics but in so doing accrediting the CT)
  5. 5:6—KJV, TR, de, “but” versus NKJV, CT, no de, no “but”

These are nineteen more examples after looking at about one and a third New Testament books.  I don’t want to keep searching for these.  Rather, I would wish for the other side to defer and just admit that the NKJV translators did not use the same text.  In other words, I don’t want them to keep challenging this assertion.  The NKJV is not the NKJV.   It would come from the same text as the KJV, one would assume, if it were a “New” King James Version.  The NKJV comes from a less different text than most modern versions, but it does come from a different text.

Why Does It Matter?

Why does any of this matter?  It isn’t a translational issue in this case, but one of the underlying text.  This is presuppositional.  God promised to preserve every Word.  If that’s true, which it is, then this relates to the doctrine of preservation of scripture.  Mark Ward and others act like they don’t even understand it.  They rarely to never mention it.

In a recent video on this same issue, Mark Ward went on the offensive against the King James Version.  It wasn’t a new attack.  This is the point.  Textual critics say one short phrase in Revelation 16:5 wasn’t in any known manuscript, but was instead a conjectural emendation by Beza (read about this issue here).  It is not a phrase that appears in a majority of presently preserved Greek manuscripts.  I carefully wrote that last sentence, because a translation of the Latin of Beza doesn’t say it was a conjectural emendation, but instead he wrote:

Therefore, I am not able to doubt but that the true reading should be as I have restored it from an ancient manuscript [hand-written] codex of good faith, truly ο εσομενος.

Men like myself and others with our presuppositions from scripture believe this is what Beza did, not conjectural emendation.

A problem that Ward would not mention in his offensive against the King James Version is that almost all modern versions, ones that he supports, come from a minority of the manuscripts.  Not only that, but in hundreds of lines of text in the underlying text of the modern versions there is zero manuscript evidence.  They have no manuscript support.   Yet, Ward and many, many others, who deny the biblical and historical doctrine of preservation, have no problem advocating most for those modern versions that translate that text.

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Addendum

I don’t plan on continuing to keep looking up more examples.  It wasn’t as those examples did not present themselves as I looked.  This makes the point of variations in the textual basis between the NKJV and the KJV.  What made this tough is that the NKJV translators said, no differences, and yet there are.

If you trusted the translators, then you didn’t know the differences.  Perhaps you never checked.  Yes, there’s a difficulty sometimes in deciding translational differences.  I tried to find the ones where the differences would or could reflect a difference in the text.  A variant needed to exist for me to use the example.  It’s easy to come later and defend it as a translational choice, but there is a there, there.  If you want to criticize, you could try to do that, and I could just keep looking for more too.  This is something perhaps you haven’t done, that is, look on your own.

If you haven’t looked on your own, maybe you could do that, if it matters to you.  As I’ve said in the past, for a long time, I assumed the NKJV used Scrivener’s, the same text as the KJV in other words.  Then I read someone who said, no, so then I began looking a little and agreed that it wasn’t the same.  You really shouldn’t have it both ways, that is, a first way where you say there is no difference.  And then you have a second way, where when someone looks up examples and you attack the person doing that.  That is having it both ways.  It isn’t honest.

AI Friday: Who Won the Thomas Ross/James White KJV Debate?

Again, I asked AI the question of the title of today’s post, and here was it’s answer.

The debate between Thomas Ross and James White regarding the superiority of the King James Version (KJV) versus the Legacy Standard Bible (LSB) was marked by a clear division in perspectives on textual criticism and translation philosophy.

Debate Overview

Participants and Positions:

James White affirmed that the LSB, based on modern textual criticism and the Nestle-Aland Greek text, is superior to the KJV, which relies on the Textus Receptus.

Thomas Ross denied this claim, arguing for the KJV’s superiority based on its textual basis and historical usage within Protestant traditions.

Key Arguments:

James White argued that modern translations like the LSB are more accurate due to advances in textual criticism and manuscript discoveries.

Thomas Ross countered by emphasizing the preservation of Scripture as understood by KJV advocates, asserting that the KJV translators intended their work to be seen as superior to all previous translations.

Critical Points Raised:

Ross highlighted that White failed to provide substantial evidence from primary sources regarding what KJV translators would support today.

He also pointed out that many of White’s claims about modern translations undermining key doctrines were not substantiated with adequate historical context or documentation.

Conclusion Drawn from Reviews:

Post-debate analyses from various observers suggest that while both sides presented compelling arguments, Ross’s emphasis on historical fidelity and doctrinal integrity resonated strongly with those who hold traditional views of Scripture preservation.

Overall Assessment:

The debate did not yield a definitive “winner” in a traditional sense; however, many proponents of KJV-only perspectives believe that Thomas Ross effectively defended his position against James White’s assertions.

In summary, while both debaters presented their cases passionately, many observers lean towards viewing Thomas Ross as having won the debate, particularly among those who advocate for KJV-only positions.

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I asked AI why Thomas Ross won the debate with James White and it concluded:

In summary, Thomas Ross won the debate against James White due to his strong argumentation on textual preservation, effective use of Scripture, engaging presentation style, ability to address counterarguments effectively, appeal to historical context, and connection with the audience’s values regarding traditional biblical texts.

How Can There Be Any Sin in Sincere? Mark Ward Strikes Again

Mark Ward made a video about me, and then SharperIron linked to it with my name.  Is this a case of my living rent free in Mark’s head?  I don’t know.  I’m fine with his letting it go.  He can’t do it though.  Maybe I’m bringing him more audience.  His numbers go up when he uses me in his presentations.  They go way up.  The terminology is “clickbait.”

In this edition of the Mark Ward show, he says that I helped prove his point about his “false friends” in the King James Version.  He titles the episode:  “Let a Leading KJV-Onlyist Teach You a False Friend!”  Oh so clever, Mark Ward, the Snidley Whiplash of Multiple Version Onlyists.  Yet, “Curses, foiled again!”  Foiled again, because Dudley Do-Right of TR Onlyism is of course not in fact jumping on the Snidley false friend train track.  What happened?

1 Peter 2:2

For many years, I have used and still use 1 Peter 2:2 as a major Christian worldview reference and helping understand the word “sincere.”  Mark says “sincere” now is a bad translation in 1 Peter 2:2 and a “false friend.”  I ask, “How can there be any sin in sincere?”  Answer:  By stretching the truth.

Mark dug deep into this blog to find a post and an exchange in the comment section as the highlight of his program.  Here is 1 Peter 2:2:

As newborn babes, desire the sincere milk of the word, that ye may grow thereby.

I’ve referred to “the sincere milk” many times as the “pure mother’s milk” (here, here, here, here, and here among other places).  Ward says “sincere” is a false friend to a reader of the King James Version, because sincere means something different today than it did in 1611 (or 1769).  Instead, he says (and says that I say) it means “pure.”  He reports that I think it should mean pure too, but because I’m KJVO, I won’t admit that, even though I believe it.  He’s saying I’m not sincere about sincere.

Sincere Milk

Welcome to the Snidley Whiplash mindreading class, SW101.  I said that “sincere milk” is not common language for today.  It isn’t.  Almost nobody would know what that means without explanation.  Perhaps people knew better in 1611.  Still, I don’t think another translation today would be better than “sincere” in 1 Peter 2:2.  “Pure milk” doesn’t get it done.  It misses the point of that expression in the original language.  I talk about the meaning in the comment section of the post to which Ward referred:

The mother’s milk goes to her baby without any other intervention, no human intervention, straight from mom to baby, unlike other milk. God changes us through revelation, not through our discoveries. With God and His Word there is no variableness or shadow of turning. His Word and God are not relative as is everything else. It comes direct and so undiluted or affected unlike our eyewitness or findings. We can’t trust these lying eyes or that there hasn’t been some kind of intervention in nature. This is why faith is superior to human discovery, because it depends on God.

The sincerity, the purity, is that it comes as one, which is the meaning of the Latin “sin,” one. There is oneness to the nature of God and to His revelation. It is entirely cohesive, non-contradictory, not mixed with any kind of error.

Mark Ward doesn’t include this part in his presentation.  Why do I think “sincere” is still a good translation that needs no update in 1 Peter 2:2?

Pure or Sincere?

Play On Words

The Greek word translated “sincere” is adolos.  The “a” portion of the Greek word means “no.”  It’s called an alpha privative, expressing negation or absence.  The previous verse, 1 Peter 2:1, uses dolos, the King James translators translated it guile.  Guile could also mean deception.  I believe there is a purposeful play on words by Peter between dolos and adolos, emphasizing the contrast between the speakings of men and the speakings of God.  The speakings of men have dolos and the speakings of God have adolos.

Does adolos strictly mean “pure”?  No.  Sincerity conveys that someone speaks without deception, the error that enters into the speech or writing for a man-engendered reason.  “Pure” doesn’t communicate that.  In this sense, when the modern translators translate adolos as “pure,” that’s a false friend to those who read the word.

Meaning of Pure

In the Sermon on the Mount, Jesus says in Matthew 5:8:

Blessed are the pure in heart: for they shall see God.

Is “pure” here adolos?  Is it without guile or not deceptive?  No.  This is the Greek word katharoi.  An English word that comes from this is “katharsis.”  This is what people think when they hear “pure” today.   Yet, that’s not what Peter is saying in 1 Peter 2:2, that the Word of God is pure in that sense.

What I thought and wrote in the one post to which Mark Ward refers is that “sincere milk” is the “pure mother’s milk.”  That is different than saying it is “pure milk.”  He says that I wrote that “sincere” means “pure.”  I wasn’t saying that and I didn’t say that, which is why I believe Mark Ward left off the latter context of what I wrote and really focused on my reference to the Oxford English Dictionary.  He isn’t sincere about my position ironically.  That adulterates his commentary on what I wrote.

Christian Worldview

From a Christian worldview standpoint, God’s Word is revelation so it goes from God directly to the hearer like a breast-fed baby gets his milk directly from his mother.  There is no intermediary.  Evidence on the other hand involves, one, someone’s lying or deceived eyes, and, two, a context that is not neutral.  I like to the say that the crime scene is contaminated.

When human beings look at evidence, they don’t see it clearly.  God’s Word or will, therefore, can’t come through human discovery, but through the direct undiluted revelation of God.  Revelation by nature is non-discoverable or else it wouldn’t be revelation.  Revelation is “sincere milk.”

“Sincere” is still the best translation, but we also still have to explain it.  If we translated adolos “pure,” that would more likely, I believe, lead someone astray on the meaning of the word, a false friend to the one reading it.  I really do think this and Snidley Whiplash, someone who rejects the perfect preservation of scripture, misrepresents me on this.  He’s a false friend to me.

Me a King James Onlyist?

I want to say one more thing about what Mark Ward does.  He also deceives his audience by calling me a leading King James Onlyist.  Calling someone King James Only, he knows is a pejorative.  Mark Ward knows that double inspirationists (Ruckmanites) and English preservationists don’t see me as a leading King James Onlyist.  Why?  Based on the most fair understanding of that label, I’m not.  Why not?

One,

I  believe that translations should come from the original language texts, the Hebrew and Greek, not from the English.  That means that I vouch for translations that are not the King James Version.  Hence, I’m not King James Only.  True King James Onlyists won’t do that and don’t believe that.

Two,

I do not reject an update of the King James Version.  The only ones who do not know that are those who read misrepresentations from people like Mark Ward.  I believe preservation is found in the original language text from which an update would come and did come in 1769 already.  We do not use the 1611 today.  An update already occurred.  How could I be against that?

Three,

I don’t think an update of the King James Version is wrong, so I also think some words in the King James Version are archaic or out-of-use.  I’ve said this again and again.  It doesn’t mean I support an update.  I have other reasons why I want to keep the King James Version.  The main one is its underlying textual differences between the King James and modern versions, something Mark Ward says he won’t debate.

Four,

I say all the time that I think someone could make a different translation of certain words in the King James Version.  Someone could translate the Hebrew and Greek words in a different way and they’d be right.  The translation of the King James isn’t the only way or ways to translate the original language text.  I know I would make different choices than the King James translators, but that doesn’t mean I think they’re wrong either.

A False Friend

When I study the Bible, I study the original languages.  False friends don’t occur to me, because I’m studying the words in their original languages.  I also know because of studying the original languages that translated words very often are false friends.  Mark Ward exaggerates the importance of these words.  He treats himself like he’s come upon something highly significant.  He hasn’t.  I don’t think his point about false friends means nothing, but there are greater concerns by far than these.

Mark Ward is a false friend about the King James Version.  He poses like he really wants to help those who use it.  I don’t see it.  By far, he’s a greater danger because of the doubt he casts upon the BIble that people use.  He relishes those who start using a contemporary translation that varies from the underlying text of the King James Version vastly more than the total number of false friends he reports.

Acts 5:30 & James White: King James Version Only Debate

As many blog readers know, I had the privilege of debating James White-who utilized Acts 5:30 as a key part of his argument–on the topic:

The Legacy Standard Bible, as a representative of modern English translations based upon the UBS/NA text, is superior to the KJV, as a representative of TR-based Bible translations.

You can watch the debate here at What is Truth? at Faithsaves.net, on YouTube, or on Rumble.  A number of Christians posted debate reviews, some of which are discussed in a What is Truth? post here. I also produced a series of debate review videos accessible on my website, on YouTube, and on Rumble.  It had been a while since I had made a new one, but I (finally) got around to getting out my thoughts on James White’s argument from this verse:

Acts 5:30 James White King James Version Bible debate KJVO King James Only

The God of our fathers raised up Jesus, whom ye slew and hanged on a tree. (Acts 5:30, KJV)

The God of our fathers braised up Jesus, whom you put to death by hanging Him on a tree. (LSB)

James White’s Argument on Acts 5:30

White argued:

1.) The King James Version in Acts 5:30 teaches that the ungodly first slew Christ, and after He was slain, they hanged Him on a tree or cross.  This would destroy the gospel by denying that the Lord Jesus died on the cross for our sins; rather, the KJV (supposedly) teaches the heresy that Christ was first killed and then His dead body was hanged on a tree or cross.

2.) The LSB is a superior translation to the KJV because in Acts 5:30 it states that His enemies killed Christ “by hanging Him on a tree,” that is, by crucifying Him.

3.) The Greek of Acts 5:30 contains the participle kremasantes, which must indicate means and be translated as affirming that Christ was slain “by hanging.”  It cannot be translated “and hanged.”

4.) The KJV translators simply “missed” that kremasantes was a participle, and not realizing that kremasantes was a participle, they translated it like a finite verb.

5.) “Every English translation” translates kremasantes as a participle of means (that is, “by hanging”). The KJV “is the only one” that translates the Greek as “and hanged.”

6.) There is no Greek word “and” in Acts 5:30.  The KJV therefore mistranslates the verse by adding words not found in the Greek text.

7.) Because the KJV (allegedly) teaches the heresy that Christ was killed before He was crucified in Acts 5:30, because the translators were sloppy and missed that the verse had a participle and so disagreed with every other English translation, and because the KJV adds in the word “and” that is not contained in the text, the KJV is an inferior translation in Acts 5:30, and, so, presumably is an inferior translation overall. The LSB (and every other English translation, all of which unite to oppose the KJV in Acts 5:30) are superior, not just in Acts 5:30, but in the entire Bible.

James White has been making his claims against the King James Version’s translation of Acts 5:30 for around 30 years in the several editions of his The King James Only Controversy: Can You Trust Modern Translations? (Minneapolis, MN: Bethany House, 2009), and he made them again the debate.

The Truth on Acts 5:30 and James White’s Argument

In my review video, I demonstrate:

1.) James White’ argument from Acts 5:30 does not get him even close to proving the proposition in the debate.

2.) Dr. White’s criticisms of the King James Version in Acts 5:30 are astonishingly uninformed and inaccurate.

3.) White’s claim that the KJV translators simply “missed” that Acts 5:30 contained a participle is painfully unserious.

4.) White claimed that the KJV contains a mistranslation because it supplies the word “and” before “hanged,” when the syntactical category of the attendant circumstance participle (found in Acts 5:30) requires the insertion of an “and.”

5.) To attack the KJV in Acts 5:30, White’s King James Only Controversy invents a fictional Greek grammatical category called “instrumental circumstantial modal” and makes claims about the Greek grammar of Dana and Mantey that have no connection to the actual text of their book.

6.) Failing to account for the Old Testament allusion to Deuteronomy 21:22 in Acts 5:30  is another of many examples of what is lost on account of White’s writing the King James Only Controversy in only a few months and never improving it.

7.) The favorite manuscripts of the Textus Rejectus teach the heresy that the Lord Jesus was murdered by a spear thrust before His crucifixion in Matthew 27:49.  To be consistent with White’s line of reasoning, we must recognize the unambiguous superiority of the Textus Receptus because of the egregious error in the Textus Rejectus in Matthew 27:49.

Why?  Watch the embedded video below, or watch the debate review video on Acts 5:30 (#15) at faithsaves.net, on Rumble, or on YouTube.

TDR

John 5:4 KJV/TR: Inspired Scripture or Inserted Invention?

John 5:4 appears in the Greek Textus Receptus, the English King James Version or Authorized Version (KJV / KJB / AV), and in other Received Text – based Bibles.  However, it is omitted in many modern Bible versions.  The verse reads:

John 5:4 For an angel went down at a certain season into the pool, and troubled the water: whosoever then first after the troubling of the water stepped in was made whole of whatsoever disease he had.

ἄγγελος γὰρ κατὰ καιρὸν κατέβαινεν ἐν τῇ κολυμβήθρᾳ, καὶ ἐτάρασσε τὸ ὕδωρ· ὁ οὖν πρῶτος ἐμβὰς μετὰ τὴν ταραχὴν τοῦ ὕδατος, ὑγιὴς ἐγίνετο, ᾧ δήποτε κατείχετο νοσήματι.

The variant actually concerns John 5:3b-5:4.  The section in bold is what is omitted:

3 In these lay a great multitude of impotent folk, of blind, halt, withered, waiting for the moving of the water. 4 For an angel went down at a certain season into the pool, and troubled the water: whosoever then first after the troubling of the water stepped in was made whole of whatsoever disease he had.

3 ἐν ταύταις κατέκειτο πλῆθος πολὺ τῶν ἀσθενούντων, τυφλῶν, χωλῶν, ξηρῶν, ἐκδεχομένων τὴν τοῦ ὕδατος κίνησιν. 4 ἄγγελος γὰρ κατὰ καιρὸν κατέβαινεν ἐν τῇ κολυμβήθρᾳ, καὶ ἐτάρασσε τὸ ὕδωρ· ὁ οὖν πρῶτος ἐμβὰς μετὰ τὴν ταραχὴν τοῦ ὕδατος, ὑγιὴς ἐγίνετο, ᾧ δήποτε κατείχετο νοσήματι.

Should we receive John 5:4 (or rather, John 5:3b-5:4) as part of God’s holy Word?  Yes, we should.  Why?

1.) In God’s singular care and providence it has been included in the Textus Receptus, and received by the churches. Scripture promises maximal certainty about its own text.

2.) John 5:4 has great support in Greek manuscripts.  It appears in 99.2% of all Greek manuscripts.  The United Bible Society’s Greek New Testament, which is biased against the Textus Receptus, nevertheless lists as supporting witnesses in favor of John 5:4 the following: A C3 K L Xcomm Δ Θ Ψ 063 078 f1 f13 28 565 700 882 1009 1010 1071 1195 1216 1230 1241 1242 1253 1344 1365 1546 1646 2148 Byz Lect ita,aur,b,c,e,ff2,j,r1 vgcl syrp,pal copbomss arm Diatessarona,earm,i,n Tertullian Ambrose Didymus Chrysostom Cyril.

Thus, for example, Tertullian explicitly comments on John 5:4 in his On Baptism (Tertullian, “On Baptism,” in Latin Christianity: Its Founder, Tertullian, ed. Alexander Roberts, James Donaldson, and A. Cleveland Coxe, trans. S. Thelwall, vol. 3, The Ante-Nicene Fathers [Buffalo, NY: Christian Literature Company, 1885], 671.) with no indication that anyone was questioning it.  Undoubtedly, the testimony in favor of John 5:4 is both very extensive and very ancient. Its “appearance in an overwhelming number of surviving Greek manuscripts, its diffusion into the Latin and Syriac traditions (plus even some manuscripts of the Egyptian Bohairic version), along with its citation by fathers in both East and West … serve to underscore its age[.]” (Zane C. Hodges, “The Angel at Bethesda—John 5:4: Problem Passages in the Gospel of John Part 5,” Bibliotheca Sacra 136 (1979): 29.)

3.) John 5:7 does not make sense without John 5:4:

The impotent man answered him, Sir, I have no man, when the water is troubled, to put me into the pool: but while I am coming, another steppeth down before me.

If John 5:3b-5:4 is omitted from the Gospel of John, John 5:7 does not make any sense.  What is the impotent man talking about?

4.) The Copper Scroll from Cave 3 at Qumran establishes that the spelling of the name as “Bethesda,” as found in the Textus Receptus and the vast majority of Greek manuscripts, is correct, while the alternative spellings that are featured in the tiny minority of MSS that omit John 5:4 (Bethsaida; Belzetha; Bethzatha) are incorrect. If the witnesses for omission are clearly wrong here, while the Textus Receptus is right, we should not be surprised if the Received Text is also right in including the passage.

5.) The theology of the passage fits with the rest of Scripture, although some have unreasonably questioned it. How can John 5:4 accurately record real events? I do not see why we should think that, in that period of time before there was a completed canon of Scripture and when the Jews, who desire a sign, were God’s nation and institution in a pre-Christian dispensation, that He could not have at unspecified intervals (John 5:4 does not say how often this happened) have miraculously healed people who came to this location through the instrumentality of angels.  If demons contribute to at least some sicknesses and disease, why should we be surprised if God’s angels are associated with health? The area was destroyed by the Romans in A. D. 70, and so this miraculous action would have ceased by that point (if not earlier with the inauguration of the church as God’s institution, or even with Christ’s actions in John 5). Such miraculous healing could have been a sign that God’s special presence remained with His nation and people, even in the times of the Gentiles. Indeed, we should see that God even designed the entire place to point forward to Christ and to the manifestation of His glory as seen in John 5, after which the miracles likely ceased to take place there. The fact that, in this age when sign miracles (semeion) do not occur (although God works powerfully [dunamis] in His providential care and in many other wonderful ways) this verse can seem odd, and (in this dispensation) we are rightly highly skeptical about miracle claims, could easily explain why someone wanted to take the passage out and why a small number of people who were fine “correcting” the Bible were able to get the verse out of less than 1% of Greek MSS.  One writer comments:

[I]t must be said that the miraculous intervention of angels in human life is so well established in the Bible, and so variegated, that only those who are uncomfortable with supernaturalism itself are likely to be genuinely troubled by the content of the verses under consideration. Indeed it may even be proposed that the reference to the angel is functional for Johannine theology. Already the Fourth Evangelist has pointed to the subservience of angels to the person of Christ by citing the Lord’s memorable words to Nathaniel, “Hereafter ye shall see heaven open, and the angels of God ascending and descending upon the Son of man” (1:51). But here too the angelic ministration at the pool of Bethesda is markedly inferior to the ministry of God’s Son. Indeed, the seasonal and limited character of the healings the angel performed—and which were of no avail to the invalid described in this passage—are an appropriate backdrop for the instantaneous deliverance which Jesus brought to a man who had virtually lost all hope (cf. v. 7) while he lay forlornly in a place where God’s mercy seemed always to touch others, but never himself.  The concept that Messiah is greater than the angels—despite the reality of their divinely appointed activities—lies implicitly in the background of the Johannine text. That this was an important theme for early Christianity no one will doubt who has read the opening chapters of the Book of Hebrews. Its appearance here, therefore, is hardly surprising. (Zane C. Hodges, “The Angel at Bethesda—John 5:4: Problem Passages in the Gospel of John Part 5,” Bibliotheca Sacra 136 [1979]: 38–39).

It is also unfortunate that anti-Received Text presuppositions lead to the exclusion of any consideration of John 5:4 in many modern books on the doctrine of angelology.

In conclusion, John 5:4 (John 5:3b-4) is part of God’s Word, just as inspired as the rest of the text.  We should receive it with fear and trembling, reverence and love, as we do the rest of holy Scripture.

TDR

Mark Ward / Thomas Ross Videos on King James Version English

As What is Truth? readers may know, Dr. Mark Ward, Bob Jones University graduate and Logos Bible software employee, produced a series of three videos (5/2/2024; 5/9/2024; 5/16/2024–note that I am making it quite easy to find his videos if you want to do so, while he made it difficult to locate the video of mine that he was responding to, which is unfortunate) on his YouTube channel entitled “More New KJV-Only Arguments” in which he responded to my “Is the King James Version (KJV) Too Hard to Understand? James White / Thomas Ross Debate Review 11” video (also here on Rumble, or here at FaithSaves). Here is the video as an embed:


I summarized my argument in the video here at What is Truth? in a previous post. Dr. Brandenburg wrote a post about how Dr. Ward said in these videos, concerning me, “I regard him as an extremist of a particularly dangerous kind, the kind that is super intelligent.”  This comment by Dr. Ward definitely made me laugh.  But watch out–this post is written by a particularly dangerous extremist. Has Dr. Ward warned about the Roman Catholic, Seventh Day Adventist, theologically modernist, and other sorts of damnable heresy that is published by Logos Bible software for whom he works?  Maybe he has called this content that his employer publishes “dangerous” somewhere–I am not aware of it if he has.  So I suppose all of that is fine, but saying English speakers should continue to use the Bible that has served them so well for 400 years–that is very, very dangerous.  Millions of people are going to hell because of Roman Catholicism and theological modernism, but what is truly dangerous is anyone who would advise English speakers to use the Authorized, King James Version, despite a small number of archaic words it contains.

I pointed out in my video that the KJV’s English fits within the parameters of the linguistic difficulty of the original language texts of Scripture.  Thus, since the KJV’s English is not harder than the Greek of the New Testament or the Hebrew of the Old Testament, we have an exegetical basis for concluding that we do not need, at this time, to revise the English Authorized Version.  We also have an exegetical basis for determining when it would be appropriate to revise the English of the KJV–if it ever becomes significantly harder to read than the original language texts, then it is time for true churches to come together to produce a revision.

There are some serious problems in Ward’s response to my argument, although I appreciate that he actually offered a response. (James White just ignored it, so good for Dr. Ward.) I am not going to point out in this post all of the problems in his book claiming that the English of the KJV is too hard, or his serious inaccuracies in his three videos.  I will, however, share with blog readers a comment I offered to part two of his three-part series.  I have italicized my comment below and have added some explanatory words within it in bold.

Dear Dr. Ward,

Thank you for taking the time to review my “Is the King James Version (KJV) Too Hard to Understand? James White / Thomas Ross Debate Review 11” video in two videos (and apparently a third video coming).

In my comment I specified the name of the video he was critiquing so that people could actually watch it instead of just hearing his critique with a very limited ability to even find and hear first hand what he was arguing against.

Someone brought these videos to my attention and so I thought I should take a peek. I hope that both my video–which, of course, was not about anything you said in particular, but about Dr. White’s comments in our debate–and your response will contribute to Christians thinking Biblically about the issue of Bible translation, and evaluating their philosophy of Bible translation from a sola Scriptura perspective, instead of just creating whatever standard they wish. If my video and your responses lead to that happening, then something useful for God’s kingdom will certainly have been accomplished for His glory.

I really do mean that.  I am glad that he made his videos, and I hope that people who are anti-KJVO will start to approach the question of Bible translation exegetically.  Of course, if they do, they just might end up becoming perfect preservationists who use exclusively the KJV in English.

Lord willing, at some point I will create a response to your videos. You may not be surprised that I have not found your responses especially compelling, although I am looking forward to hearing what you have to say in part three.

Part three was also less than compelling. Brother Ward did not seem, in some places, to even grasp my argument accurately.  For example, in part three Dr. Ward argued that if I was right then we should just add in archaic words when we make new translations, but my point was not about making new translations, but about when it is appropriate to revise an already extant translation. The idea that one should randomly decide to add in archaic words for fun has nothing to do with my argument.  For the large majority of the time since God has given the canon of Scripture God’s people would have found more rare or hard-to-understand words in the Hebrew and Greek texts than there are in the KJV, but God never instructed His Apostles and prophets to make a revision of the Hebrew or Greek texts.

I was wondering if you would be so kind as to let me know: 1.) If, before I produced my video, you had written or set forth in any setting an exegetical basis for your position on Bible translations, other than your claim that the KJV is in a different language and so violates 1 Corinthians 14 on not speaking in foreign tongues in the church without an interpreter. I must say that I find the idea that 1 Corinthians 14 teaches that we must abandon the KJV, or at least its exclusive use in English, most unconvincing exegetically. I would like to confirm that you view my claim that we should evaluate what is appropriate for English Bible translations based on the level of difficulty of the Old Testament and New Testament Hebrew and Greek texts as a claim that is indeed “novel” or new to you, and thus as something that you never considered before writing your book Authorized?

It is not good if someone has written an entire book arguing that the KJV’s English is too hard to understand and has given a significant part of his life to turning people away from the King James Bible, and yet has never even thought about comparing it with the lingustic difficulty of the text God gave His people directly by the dictation of the Holy Spirit.

Dr. Ward’s argument that because 1 Corinthians 14 forbids utilizing the miraculous gift of tongues to speak Japanese in 1st century Corinth if there were no Japanese speakers present and no translation into the common language–Greek–or forbids miraculously speaking in the tongue of Zulu if there are no Zulu speakers present, therefore we need to reject the KJV because it is really a foreign language.  This, to be kind, is less than convincing.  To be blunt, it is ridiculous, and a painful abuse of 1 Corinthians 14.  However, that is all the Scripture Dr. Ward has for his position that the English of the KJV is too hard.  Would his argument prove too much–would it prove that the Jews in Ezra’s day should have revised the books of Moses, or that the Apostles should not have used the LXX, even when it is accurate?  Yes.  So we can be thankful that his claim from 1 Corinthians 14 is astonishingly off base.  It was fine for the Jews in Malachi’s day to just read the Hebrew Pentateuch, even though their language had changed much more than the English language has between 1611 and today.

2.) If you could please also let me know how many times you have read the Greek NT cover to cover and / or the Hebrew OT, as well as what training in the languages you have, I would appreciate that as well. It will help me to be accurate in what I say in response to you, as I am sure we both believe accuracy is very important, as our God is a God of truth.

Dr. Ward never answered this question, and I suspect the answer is “zero” for both how many times he has read through the Greek NT or the Hebrew OT.  There are not a few things that he says in his videos that make me rather strongly suspect this.  They are not things one would say were he closely acquainted with the original language texts of Scripture.

Thank you very much. Let me say that I also appreciate that you provided a significant quote from my video and appeared to want to accurately represent me. I thank you for that.

I do appreciate that, as far as I can tell, Dr. Ward did not intentionally misrepresent my argument.  Did he misrepresent it?  Yes, but I think this was a matter of inaccuracy, not intentionality.  I also need to keep in mind that his anti-KJVO side does not approach issues like this through exegesis, through looking at Scripture first to see what it says about preservation and Bible translation, so he is rather like a fish out of water here.  I am glad he is trying.  I wish he had plainly told his audience where they could find my argument so they could go ad fontes and compare what I actually said with what he argued against.

3.) I would also be interested in seeing if you have any grammatical sources for your claim that the difficulty in Luke-Acts, for example, versus the Johannine literature, is mainly because participles are placed in different locations, as well as your other grammatical claims. Some of the claims seemed quite unusual to my mind, and I would like to know if any Greek grammarians make such affirmations as you made.

He never provided any sources for his claims.  I suspect that is because there are no such sources, as people who write Greek and Hebrew grammars are likely to be quite surprised by not a few of the arguments that Dr. Ward made.  I do not think that those who have actually read Luke-Acts and the Johannine literature in the New Testament would say that the main or even the chief difficulty in harder NT Greek is knowing what adverbial participles modify.  This statement sounds to me like the claim of someone who is not very familiar with the Greek of these books.

I may be into having sources for my claims more than most people who make YouTube videos, but I did not notice any grammatical sources cited in your videos.

 

That is the problem with producing YouTube videos instead of writing things down, or instead of doing face-to-face debate.

4.) When you spoke about a test that you had given to KJVO pastors that definitively proved that they did not understand the KJV themselves, I was interested and took the test, and had some KJVO folk take it as well. I must say that they did much, much better than did the people whom you surveyed. (I myself got a 19 out of 20, and I think that the one I got wrong was a problem with the question.)

I had never heard of his test, which he mentioned in part 1 of his video, until examining his video, part 1. I decided to take his test.  One of the questions was:

Remove not the ancient landmark, which thy fathers have set.”

(Proverbs 22:28 KJV)

What does it mean to “remove” a landmark? 1 point
a.) To change position; to move a short distance or in a certain direction
b.) I don’t know
c.) To progress in a direction
d.) Take (something) away or off from the position occupied

This is a poorly designed question, because more than one of the answers fits both the meaning of the Hebrew word and the English translation in the KJV. Commenting on why the word “remove” here is (allegedly) archaic, Ward affirms:

The Hebrew here means “to displace [that is, to ‘cause (something) to move from its proper or usual place’] a boundary mark.” (HALOT/NOAD)

In 1611 “remove” in a context like this meant “to change position; to move a short distance or in a certain direction.” (OED)–just like the Hebrew. That sense, however, is marked as “Obsolete” in the OED.

Today, “remove” means to “take (something) away or off from the position occupied” or to “eliminate or get rid of” (NOAD).

However, the Dictionary of Classical Hebrew defines the Hebrew word here (in the tense used, the Hiphil) as follows:

Hi. 6.0.9 Pf. Q ‏הסיג‎; impf. 2ms ‏תַּסִּיג‎ (‏תַּסֵּג‎); ptc. ‏מַסִּיג‎, ‏מַסִּיגֵי‎ (Q ‏מסגי‎, ‏משיגי‎); inf. cstr. ‏הסיג—1a. remove, move back, <SUBJ> Israel(ites) Dt 1914, seducer of wife 4QInstrb 2.46; subj. not specified, Pr 2228 2310 4QInstrb 2.38. <OBJ> גְּבוּל border Dt 1914 Pr 2228 2310 4QInstrb 2.38 2.46. <COLL> סוג hi. :: גבל set a border Dt 1914.

b. ptc. as noun, one who removes a boundary, <SUBJ> ארר pass. be cursed Dt 2717, דבר pi. speak CD 520, נבא ni. prophesy CD 520, עמד stand CD 520, שׁוב hi. cause to turn CD 520, תעה hi. cause to err CD 520. <CSTR> מַסִּיג גְּבוּל remover of a border Dt 2717, מַסִּיגֵי removers of Ho 510=CD 1915 4QDa 14 CD 520 (הגבול; =4QDa 3.27 גבול) 4Q424 39, משיגי הגב[ו]ל removers of the border 4QDf 12; כול מסיגי all the removers of 4Q424 39. <PREP> לְ of benefit, to, for 4Q424 39; introducing object 4QDa 14; כְּ as, like, + היה be Ho 510=CD 1915.

2. remove, carry away, intrans., <SUBJ> Israel(ites) Mc 614 (or em. תַּסֵּג you shall carry away to ‏תַּשֵּׂג you shall reach, i.e. increase wealth; or em. ‏תִּסָּגֵר you shall be delivered up, i.e. ‏סגר ni.; unless סוג II hi. surround with fence). <COLL> סוג hi. || פלט hi. save Mc 614.

Note that this standard Hebrew lexicon–volume 1 of which was published in 1993–includes the actual English word “remove” in its definition of this word, but, supposedly, the KJV’s “remove” in Proverbs 22:28 is archaic. Has English changed a great deal since 1993, so that this Hebrew dictionary includes this alleged archaism, “remove”?  Note as well that more than one of the options in Dr. Ward’s questionnaire would both fit the meaning of the Hebrew word and the English word.

Thus, his survey includes at least this allegedly “archaic” word in the KJV that is not archaic.  The word is defined as “remove” in modern times in a modern standard Hebrew lexicon (one that, I might add, is never cited anywhere in Dr. Ward’s quiz–maybe he should have studied the Hebrew text a bit more carefully before producing his test, or at least before publishing it and making claims that are easily shown to be inaccurate.)

I am wondering if it is possible to get more information about who these people are. Are they Baptists? Are they people who believe in justification by works or baptismal regeneration and do not even have the Holy Spirit, as one finds even among various denominational “Baptist” groups if one goes house to house regularly in evangelism? Would they claim to be fundamentalists?

Who these people are is rather important. Dr. Ward said that only 7% of them knew the differences between “thee/thou/thy” as singular in the KJV and “ye/you” as plural.  What?  Seven percent?  Who are these people?  In our church the preachers all know, the adults are instructed, the children are instructed, and it is even in Bible study #1 in our evangelistic Bible study series. 93% of those who took his survey did not know this?  Are his survey results verifiable, reproducible, and falsifiable–or are they none of the above?  Why should we trust them?

Let me note that Mark Ward’s solution to people not knowing the difference between thee/thou/thy and ye/you is not to instruct them in the difference–it is to reject the KJV so that they are reading some modern version where you can NEVER know the difference.  Quite a solution, no?

5.) I would be interested if you have done anything to encourage KJVO saints to do something like read KJVs that have the (small number of) archaic words defined in the margin of their Bibles, as do many study Bibles, the Defined KJV, etc.

I would love to find out I am wrong, but I think he has done exactly nothing to encourage saints who are going to cleave to their KJVs to understand them better by having them read editions of the Authorized Version where the archaic words are defined in the margin.  I will applaud Dr. Ward when he donates the profits from his book against exclusive use of the KJV to purchasing copies of works that define its archaic words, such as David Cloud’s Believer’s Bible Dictionary, and donating those books to KJVO Christians.  But I am not holding my breath.

If not, could you explain why you believe such a solution to your “false friends” idea is insufficient, and why what needs to be done is to replace the KJV with a multiplicity of modern versions that do things like take “hell” out of the Old Testament and replace it with that easy to understand and commonly used word “Sheol,” or attack the classical doctrine of the Trinity by changing the Son from being “only begotten” to being “unique,” or change the Son’s going forth from the Father in His eternal generation from being “from everlasting” to the Arian “from ancient days,” and so on, that would be appreciated. If you do not appreciate such changes in modern versions, I am wondering if you have any written sources or videos warning about them.

I am aware of exactly nothing written or taught by Dr. Ward warning about any of these serious corruptions–really evil “false friends”–in many modern Bible versions.  Nor am I aware of Dr. Ward ever explaining why such a solution is more than sufficient to deal with the small number of KJV archaisms–just like there was not one word of criticism of Dr. James White’s inaccurate claims, the ones I was actually dealing with, in my video “Is the King James Version (KJV) Too Hard to Understand? James White / Thomas Ross Debate Review 11.”  Only KJVO people deserve criticism, it appears.

 

I at least would rather have a Bible that teaches Athanasian Trinitarianism but uses “conversation” in an older sense meaning “conduct” than a Bible that has a nice new “conduct” translation but undermines the holy Trinity in some verses (while, thankfully, still supporting it in others).

Wouldn’t you?

Also, please feel free to get in touch with me if you ever change your mind about being willing to publicly dialogue or debate on this matter.

I have offered to debate him multiple times and he has refused.  Could it be that his position is not defensible in open debate?  Could it be that his whole case would fall apart if he had to do what Christ and the Apostles did in the Gospels and Acts, namely, debate and refute their opponents face-to-face?

I happen to think there would be more profit from a face-to-face encounter where we both have equal time to present our case than there is in your producing videos on your YouTube channel that are mainly preaching to your choir while I do the same on my KJB1611 channel with videos that will mainly be watched by people who are already convinced of the perfect preservation of Scripture. Finally, thank you for complementing me as being “super intelligent.” That was very kind of you. The “very dangerous” part, maybe not so much, but I suppose we can’t have everything. I am not planning to respond to any comments here, as I am not convinced that YouTube comments are the best place to engage in scholarly discussion, but I will look forward to hearing from you if you are able to answer my questions. Thanks again, Thomas

Dr. Ward did respond to my comment as follows:

Ross has said he won’t reply here. So I’ll reply to just two items for the sake of my viewers. (No reply on nos. 1, 2, and 5.)

Why do you think he does not want to answer questions #1, 2, and 5?  It isn’t because I won’t reply on his YouTube channel in the comment section.  Doesn’t he want me to have the best and most accurate information for when I actually respond to him, God willing?  Surely it is not because he does not have a good answer to those questions.  Right?

3. I mentioned in the video that I was offering my thoughts as a reader of the Greek New Testament; I self-consciously chose not to cite authorities here.

Does he cite authorities somewhere else, then?  Where?  Anywhere?  I thought it was interesting that after I asked this question in part 2 of his three part series, in part 3 he mentioned that he had started reading a book on Hebrew discourse analysis.  Great, good for him.  He never said a word about my actual question–how much of the Hebrew Old Testament itself, and Greek New Testament itself, has he actually read?

4. All of the information I am able to release publicly about the participants in the study is available at kjbstudyproject.com, on the Demographic Data page that is linked in the main navigational menu. I refer interested viewers there.

The demographic data seems to indicate that the people who took his survey were not Mormons or Oneness Pentecostals, if the people who took the survey told the truth.  So that is useful, and I appreciate that he pointed that out.  But there is still something very wonky with his survey results.  And, of course, we have no way of verifying, corroborating, or falsifying that whatever people said in the survey is actually the truth.  Dr. Ward claimed his survey was “definitive,” when it is incredibly far from anything of the kind.  But I do appreciate him pointing to that “Demographic Data” page, even though I wish he had taken the time to make sure that words like “remove” are actually archaic by spending just a bit longer looking at standard Hebrew lexica before putting his survey out.

Let me end this blog post by reiterating that, while his attempt to deal with my Biblically-based case for the English of the KJV is solely reactive, in that he never thought of actually seeing what God’s objective standard is for Bible translation by looking at the language level in Scripture until I brought this to his attention, by the grace of God, I am thankful if his videos at least get people to start to thinking that way.

Also, again, this is by no means a comprehensive response to his three videos or to his book–just a few thoughts to whet your appetite.

Finally, let me point out that this exchange illustrates why those who believe in the perfect preservation of Scripture and the Authorized, King James Version should learn the Biblical languages, especially if they are spiritual leaders.  The large holes in his argument are much more easily visible if one knows Hebrew and Greek.

TDR

 

 

New List of Reasons for Maximum Certainty for the New Testament Text (Part 5)

ANSWERING AGAIN THE “WHAT TR?” QUESTION

Part One     Part Two     Part Three     Part Four

1.  God Inspired Specific, Exact Words, and All of Them.
2.  After God Inspired, Inscripturated, or Gave His Words, All of Them, to His People through His Institutions, He Kept Preserving Each of Them and All of Them According to His Promises of Preservation.
3.  God Promised Preservation of the Words in the Language They Were Written, or In Other Words, He Preserved Exactly What He Gave.
4.  God’s Promise of Keeping and Preserving His Words Means the Availability of His Words to Every Generation of Believers.
5.  God the Holy Spirit, the Third Person of the Trinity, Used the Church to Accredit or Confirm What Is Scripture and What Is Not.
6.  God Declares a Settled Text of Scripture in His Word.

THE APPLICATION OF THE PRESUPPOSITIONS, PRINCIPLES, AND PROMISES OF AND FROM SCRIPTURE

God’s Word is truth.  It provides the expectations for Christians, not feelings or experience.  People can count on what God says.  True believers go to scripture to get their views for things.

The Lord in His Word gives the expectations regarding the future of scripture.  What would God do?  If God says He will do it, then He will do it, and believers will believe that He did.

The presuppositions, principles, and promises of and from scripture provide a model, paradigm, or template for knowing what God’s Words are.  The true view will follow a biblical model.

Epistemology

What I’m writing in this series considers how people know or can know what they know, what’s called “epistemology.”  The critical text and its modern versions are different than the received or traditional text and the King James Version.  They can’t both be right.  Of the two, how do we know which one is right?

Knowledge starts with God’s Word.  Faith in what God says is the primary way of knowing what people ought to know.  Someone can open to Genesis 1:1 and know what it says occurred based on God saying it.

Only one text and version position fits the principles, presuppositions, and promises of scripture.  The above six true principles lead one to the received text or textus receptus.  Only the received text, the underlying text of the King James Version, corresponds to what God said would occur.

Which Textus Receptus?

Opponents or critics of the received text position, critical text proponents, very often ask, “Which Textus Receptus (TR)?”  I saw someone recently mock the TR by calling it the “Texti Recepti.”  The idea of this criticism is that there is more than one edition of the TR, so which one is it?

The textus receptus is a very homogenous text.  All the varied editions are very close and essentially the same.  However, the differences would contradict perfect, every word preservation and a settled text.  This criticism becomes a major presupposition for a critical text position.  It says, “No one knows what the text is, so everyone continues with textual criticism.”

Following the presuppositions, principles, and promises of scripture, one witnesses settlement on the text of scripture.  Even though each of the twenty-seven books of the New Testament were considered scripture immediately, its aggregation or collation into one book took one or two hundred years.  This occurred through the agreement of God’s people and the testimony of the Holy Spirit, termed “canonicity.”

History of the Received Text

Through church history, God’s people continued to ascertain and identify scripture in the keeping process.  Churches kept agreeing on the twenty-seven books of the New Testament.  They also received the words of the New Testament, the text of the New Testament.  Churches had already been receiving the same text of scripture in the manuscript or hand-written era.  A few years ago, I wrote the following.

Kurt Aland

The TR never meant one printed edition.  Even Kurt and Barbara Aland the famed textual critics, the “A” in “NA” (Nestles-Aland), wrote (“The Text of the Church?” in Trinity Journal, Fall, 1987, p.131):

[I]t is undisputed that from the 16th to the 18th century orthodoxy’s doctrine of verbal inspiration assumed this Textus Receptus. It was the only Greek text they knew, and they regarded it as the ‘original text.’

He also wrote in his The Text of the New Testament (p. 11):

We can appreciate better the struggle for freedom from the dominance of the Textus Receptus when we remember that in this period it was regarded even to the last detail the inspired and infallible word of God himself.

Barbara Aland

His wife Barbara writes in her book, The Text of the New Testament (pp. 6-7):

[T]he Textus Receptus remained the basic text and its authority was regarded as canonical. . . . Every theologian of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries (and not just the exegetical scholars) worked from an edition of the Greek text of the New Testament which was regarded as the “revealed text.” This idea of verbal inspiration (i. e., of the literal and inerrant inspiration of the text) which the orthodoxy of both Protestant traditions maintained so vigorously, was applied to the Textus Receptus.

I say all that, because Aland accurately does not refer to an edition of the TR, neither does he speak of the TR like it is an edition.  It isn’t.  That is invented language used as a reverse engineering argument by critical text proponents, differing with the honest proposition of Aland, quoted above.  They very often focus on Desiderius Erasmus and his first printed edition of the Greek New Testament.  That’s not how believers viewed what the Van Kleecks call the Standard Sacred Text, others call the Ecclesiastical Text, and still others the Traditional Text.

Metzger

Neither does Bruce Metzger refer to an edition of the Textus Receptus; only to the Textus Receptus (The Text of the New Testament: Its Transmission, Corruption, and Restoration, 4th ed. [Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2005], pp. 106-251):

Having secured . . . preeminence, what came to be called the Textus Receptus of the New Testament resisted for 400 years all scholarly effort to displace it. . . . [The] “Textus Receptus,” or commonly received, standard text . . . makes the boast that “[the reader has] the text now received by all, in which we give nothing changed or corrupted.” . . . [This] form of Greek text . . . succeeded in establishing itself as “the only true text” of the New Testament and was slavishly reprinted in hundreds of subsequent editions. It lies at the basis of the King James Version and of all the principal Protestant translations in the languages of Europe prior to 1881.

[T]he reverence accorded the Textus Receptus. . . [made] attempts to criticize or emend it . . . akin to sacrilege. . . . For almost two centuries . . . almost all of the editors of the New Testament during this period were content to reprint the time-honored . . . Textus Receptus. . . . In the early days of . . . determining textual groupings . . . the manuscript was collated against the Textus Receptus . . . . This procedure made sense to scholars, who understood the Textus Receptus as the original text of the New Testament, for then variations from it would be “agreements in error.”

The Textus Receptus does not refer to a single printed edition of the New Testament.  The language of a received text proceeds from true believers in a time before the printing press in hand copies and then leading to the period of its printing.

Edward Freer Hills

Churches up to the printing press ‘received’ the “received text,” hence, “the received text” of the New Testament.  This bore itself out in the printed edition era, as churches only printed editions of the received text.  However, they didn’t permanently continue printing editions of the TR.  They settled, as seen in the discontinuation of printing further editions after about a hundred years.  This was a shorter period of time than the settlement or agreement on the twenty-seven books of scripture.

What I’m writing here corresponds to the now well-known position expressed by Edward Freer Hills in his book, The King James Version Defended.  He wrote:

The King James Version ought to be regarded not merely as a translation of the Textus Receptus but also as an independent variety of the Textus Receptus. . . . But what do we do in these few places in which the several editions of the Textus Receptus disagree with one another? Which text do we follow? The answer to this question is easy. We are guided by the common faith. hence we favor that form of the Textus Receptus upon which more than any other, God, working providentially, has placed the stamp of His approval, namely the King James Version, or, more precisely, the Greek text underlying the King James Version.

King James Version Translated from Something

Some critical text adherents want to make Hills statement a “gotcha” or “aha” moment.  “Look, this is an English priority!”  I say, “No, the King James translators were translators, so they translated from something.” From which they translated is represented by the writing and teaching in all the centuries after the last printed edition of the textus receptus and the acceptance of the King James Version.

The King James Version translators translated from available words.  They relied on the printed editions of the textus receptus.  Their text was its own independent variety, like Hills said.  However, that text pre-existed the translation, even if it wasn’t in one printed edition.  Again, scripture doesn’t argue for the preservation of an edition.

Those translations forerunning the King James Version also relied on the textus receptus.  The necessity of a settled text, that particular presupposition, looks on which the vast majority of believers settled.  The concluding certainty comes from faith in what God said He would do.

Printed Editions of the TR

Almost one hundred percent of the words for the King James Version came from the printed editions of the textus receptus.  Maybe two or three words total in the King James Version don’t appear in any printed edition of the textus receptus but had textual attestation elsewhere.  A vast majority of true believers were not reading the Greek New Testament.  They accepted or received the textus receptus by receiving the translation from the textus receptus.  This helps explain the Hills statement of an “independent variety of the Textus Receptus.”  It’s not unique though in a fair understanding of the word.  It reflects what God’s people received as the text of the New Testament since its original writing.

In 1881, F. H. A. Scrivener took on the monumental project of printing the received text underlying the King James Version New Testament.  For many decades the Trinitarian Bible Society has printed this edition of the textus receptus.  The printing of this as its own edition suggests the independent variety of the Textus Receptus underlying the New Testament of the King James Version.

The Ecclesiastical Text

Some call the textus receptus, “the ecclesiastical text.”  I don’t mind that title.  It acknowledges the testimony of the Holy Spirit toward His words through the church.  God uses the church to attest to the words of God as a means of settling the text.  Naturalistic and rationalistic modern textual criticism does not settle the text.  It uses naturalistic means as a basis for speculating the original text of the New Testament.  It does not claim certainty or knowing what the text is.  Because of its means or instrumentality, it doesn’t and can’t claim to know the original text.  It also does not acknowledge the truth of the above principles, promises, and presuppositions.

I know I’m saved.  Scripture assures me of my salvation.  The Bible also assures me that I know what is the text of the New Testament.  I know the New Testament text like I know the twenty-seven books of the New Testament.

Acting in Faith

Faith acts.  It will bite down on what God said and what He said He would do.  You don’t believe if you sit back and taste without swallowing.  Faith isn’t a sample-fest.

On this subject, some are reticent to say what is the text of the New Testament.  They anticipate the attack coming, including mockery.  Those mocking do not bite down. They instead adjust based upon their naturalistic presuppositions.  They say something like “confidence” instead of “certainty.”  That doesn’t follow what scripture says about itself.  This should embarrass them.  I think it does many of them, which is why the angry reaction and the resultant mockery.

The trail of faith on this issue ends with the underlying text behind the King James Version.  The closest to that is all the words found in the printed edition.  That sort of settles, but it leaves wiggle room.  It’s a harder-to-defend position, based upon the plain scriptural presuppositions.

More to Come

New List of Reasons for Maximum Certainty for the New Testament Text (Part 4)

ANSWERING AGAIN THE “WHAT TR?” QUESTION

Part One     Part Two     Part Three

1.  God Inspired Specific, Exact Words, and All of Them.
2.  After God Inspired, Inscripturated, or Gave His Words, All of Them, to His People through His Institutions, He Kept Preserving Each of Them and All of Them According to His Promises of Preservation.
3.  God Promised Preservation of the Words in the Language They Were Written, or In Other Words, He Preserved Exactly What He Gave.
4.  God’s Promise of Keeping and Preserving His Words Means the Availability of His Words to Every Generation of Believers.
5.  God the Holy Spirit, the Third Person of the Trinity, Used the Church to Accredit or Confirm What Is Scripture and What Is Not.

Introduction to Point 6.

I hear many, what I would call, dishonest arguments.  Those occur all the time from proponents of the critical text or multiple modern versions.  Let me give you a couple, three, but with my focus on one in particular.  One of these is the usage of the KJV translators for support of the critical text and modern versions.  I agree the translators made room for improvements to their translation.  They didn’t see the translation as the end of improvement in translation.  They weren’t talking about improvements on the underlying text.  That’s either incompetent or dishonest as an argument.

How can I be the dummy version of KJVO if I agree with the translators on the issue of improvement?  I can’t be, yet this is what critical text or modern version people do all the time.  Their posing as non-confrontational and with a cheery Christian spirit is nothing more than a ruse.  They will treat you well if you budge to a significant degree toward their positions.  That’s all.  If you don’t, you get sent down the garbage disposal.

Pavlovian

There’s something Pavlovian to these modern version advocates.  Young fundamentalists so want their favor, that they salivate to their positive reinforcement.  This corresponds to turning on the light.  The favor acts as a lure to behavior adjustment.  Favored treatment is not an argument, yet is is the most convincing one in a feeling oriented world.

Can someone say the King James Version is inspired and support the 1769 update?  I ask Ruckmanites this question all the time.  Modern version advocates won’t acquiesce because they want to keep this second faux argument alive.  If I approve a 1769 update, why would I not approve another one?  Not doing an update is not the same as not approving of one.  I’ve said often recently that King James Version advocates won’t update the King James Version under the pressure of modern version adherents, who don’t even use the King James.  This really should be the end of this, but it won’t.

Latin Vulgate or Church Hierarchy Attack

The third bad argument from modern version proponents, the one on which I focus, has several layers.  They say the King James is the Latin Vulgate to KJVO like the Latin Vulgate was to Catholics.  This is to smear KJVO with Roman Catholicism.  One of the layers is that it puts Roman Catholic-like power to the textual choices, putting the church over scripture.  This is a category error.

Scripture, the authority, teaches that the Holy Spirit uses the church as the Urim and Thummim.  God directs God’s people to the books and the words of the scripture using the church.  The church is not taking preeminence over scripture by obeying scripture.

These false arguments remind me of the flailing of a losing boxer at the end of a match.  Or, a basketball coach clearing the bench at the end of the game and the substitutes treating the final three minutes like they’ve won the game.  No, they’re losing.  These are not landing a single blow.  They are what experts call “garbage time.”  It’s just stat padding and not contributing toward winning at all.

6.  God Declares a Settled Text of Scripture in His Word.

Settled Word

Scripture is not amoebic.  Its boundaries don’t shapeshift like the Stingray nebula.  The Bible doesn’t ooze and alter like the Hagfish.  God declares in His Word a settled text of scripture.  The Bible is a rock, not shifting sand.

God describes His Word as forever settled (Psalm 119:8-9).  Deuteronomy 4:2 says:

Ye shall not add unto the word which I command you, neither shall ye diminish ought from it, that ye may keep the commandments of the LORD your God which I command you.

Proverbs 30:6 instructs:  “Add thou not unto his words, lest he reprove thee, and thou be found a liar.”  At its very end, the Bible says in Revelation 22:18-19:

18 For I testify unto every man that heareth the words of the prophecy of this book, If any man shall add unto these things, God shall add unto him the plagues that are written in this book: 19 And if any man shall take away from the words of the book of this prophecy, God shall take away his part out of the book of life, and out of the holy city, and from the things which are written in this book.

One cannot take away or add a word to a text that isn’t settled.  No possibility of guilt could come to a person for adding or taking away from something unsettled.  These warnings assume the establishment of the words.  All the principles, presuppositions, and promises  from scripture relate to the settlement of the text of the New Testament.

Considering the Nature of God

What God says in scripture about scripture should make sense, considering the nature of God.  In Malachi 3:6, God says:  “For I am the LORD, I change not.”  The immutability of God, one of His attributes, provides a basis for trusting Him.  God communicates the trustworthy nature of His Words with relations to His preservation of them in Isaiah 59:21:

As for me, this is my covenant with them, saith the LORD; My spirit that is upon thee, and my words which I have put in thy mouth,, shall not depart out of thy mouth, nor out of the mouth of thy seed, nor out of the mouth of thy seed’s seed, saith the LORD, from henceforth and for ever.

Isaiah 40:8 says something similar:  “The grass withereth, the flower fadeth: but the word of our God shall stand for ever.”

Received Text Mindset

Modern version and critical text advocates know that printed editions of the received text of the New Testament in the 16th and 17th centuries have few and minor variations.  When I say “few and minor,” I’m not making a point that those variants do not matter.  They do.  The attitude at the time sounded like what Richard Capel wrote:

[W]e have the Copies in both languages [Hebrew and Greek], which Copies vary not from Primitive writings in any matter which may stumble any. This concernes onely the learned, and they know that by consent of all parties, the most learned on all sides among Christians do shake hands in this, that God by his providence hath preserved them uncorrupt. . . .

As God committed the Hebrew text of the Old Testament to the Jewes, and did and doth move their hearts to keep it untainted to this day: So I dare lay it on the same God, that he in his providence is so with the Church of the Gentiles, that they have and do preserve the Greek Text uncorrupt, and clear: As for some scrapes by Transcribers, that comes to no more, than to censure a book to be corrupt, because of some scrapes in the printing, and tis certain, that what mistake is in one print, is corrected in another.

The variation did not yield an unsettled nature.  No, “what mistake is in one print, is corrected in another.”  They knew errors could come into a hand copy or even a printed edition.  However, that did not preclude the doctrine of preservation and a settled text.  God would have us live by every Word that proceeds from the mouth of God.

More to Come

Q, Synoptic Gospel Dependence, and Inspiration for the Bible

Does it matter if one adopts a belief in “Q” and rejects the historic belief that the synoptic gospels–Matthew, Mark, and Luke–are independent accounts? What happens if one rejects this historic belief for the theory, invented by theological liberalism and modernism but adopted by many modern evangelicals, that Mark was the first gospel (instead of Matthew), and Matthew and Luke depended on and altered Mark, using a (lost) source called “Q” that just happens to have left no archaeological or historical evidence for its existence? What happens if we adopt source, tradition, and redaction criticism? Let me illustrate with the comment on Matthew 25:46 in John Nolland, The Gospel of Matthew: A Commentary on the Greek Text, New International Greek Testament Commentary (Grand Rapids, MI: Eerdmans, 2005), 1034–1037.  Nolland is discussing how to go behind the text of Matthew’s Gospel to what the historical Jesus said (which he assumes is different); he is discussing what Matthew added and changed from what Christ originally said, which, supposedly, was handed down in little bits of tradition here and there, and which Matthew used, along with his dependence upon Mark and Q. I have added a few comments in brackets within Nolland’s commentary.

While the account has a totally comprehensible sense in its Matthean use, various unevennesses and tensions suggest a complicated history. At various points there seem to be Matthean accents and even quite Matthean features. [In other words, Matthew added and changed what the Son of God said.] … On the basis of the tensions and difficulties [which are not really there] in the account many scholars have held that Matthew has cobbled this account together [what a nice description] out of traditional fragments and OT resources. Others would be prepared to identify a remnant of a parable in vv. 32c–33 and a significant fragment of tradition in vv. 35–36. But perhaps even this is too pessimistic. [Perhaps? We aren’t sure?]

We have had cause to notice that the king in various of Jesus’ parables was originally God, but he has become Jesus himself in secondary use of the parable. [The Watchtower Society and the Unitarians would be delighted.] This is likely to be true of all three of the immediately preceding parables. In the other cases the adjustment is likely to be pre-Matthean, but this time it may be Matthew himself who is responsible for the change.

Without vv. 31–32a, ‘by my Father’ in v. 34, and ‘my brothers and sisters’ in v. 40, the account could be focussed on God and not on Jesus. [Note how he is willing to cut out portions of the Word.] With some brief, now-lost beginning to introduce the king, the restored parable is free of the tensions and difficulties that have been identified in the Matthean account. With the loss of vv. 31–32a the account will be of the eschatological judgment of Israel rather than of all nations. So we can now make sense of the unquestioning recognition of the status of the king by those on the left and the assumption that they would have served him if it had been visible to them that that was what was involved. Both those on the left and the right are Israelites who in principle recognised God as their ultimate king. … Various other Matthean features noted above may also betray his intervention, [of course, all of what he is saying is speculative.] but these do not disturb the basic functioning of the narrative. … Matthew has bundled a lot of cross referencing into his account [in other words, he assumes Christ did not refer back to His earlier teaching, but Matthew changed it so that it referenced back to earlier passages] in a manner reminiscent of his development of 9:27–31. It remains an open question whether the fourfold repetition of the list is a pre-Matthean feature. It is reminiscent of the repetition involved in the inclusion of 25:16–18, which was judged above to be pre-Matthean but not original. [“Not original” means Christ did not actually say it.]

The pre-Matthean account that emerges is still not a parable, only an account of the judgment that makes use of a comparison (if this is not Matthean) and speaks of God as ‘the king’. But could there be a genuine parable further behind this? A lot depends on the missing beginning. But the other places where the narrative world of a parable about a king is broken are vv. 34, 41, and 46, and we would have to give up ‘your brothers and sisters’ suggested above for the pre-Matthean account. A possible beginning sentence for a parable might be something like ‘There was a king who entered into judgment with his people’ (all the future tenses of the account would need then to become past tenses). If in v. 34 ‘Come, you blessed ones’ was followed by something more appropriate to the narrative world, and similar adjustments were made to v. 41, then the narrative world of a parable would be complete (while v. 46 completes the narrative logic, it is not strictly necessary, but it could be adjusted in a corresponding manner).

There is one important proviso here to describing both the Matthean and, behind that, the immediately pre-Matthean account as ‘an account of the judgment’. We have already noted the tension between 24:31 and 13:41, where the angels respectively gather the elect and take off the wicked to punishment. Mt. 25:31–46 offers a different picture again. Not the angels, but Jesus/God acting like a shepherd makes the division himself (perhaps the angels might be used for the initial gathering), and the two groups are arranged on either side of him. … The further along this track behind the Matthean material we go, the more our account of it becomes necessarily speculative. [My note:  No kidding!] But there appears to be no insurmountable barrier to tracing the origins of the Matthean account back to the historical Jesus. And the original that we might attribute to the historical Jesus offers the same challenge about the importance for judgment day of God’s profound self-identification with his people.

Nolland-who is considered “conservative,” not a liberal, by many, and his commentary in the NIGTC series representative of a broadly “evangelical” commentary series–makes the common and unreasonable assumptions that Matthew, who would have been there to here Christ teach and who was controlled by the Holy Spirit, needed to depend upon tiny fragments of tradition passed down here and passed down there by who knows who, and also borrow from Mark (who was not there, like Matthew was). Through this whole process what Christ actually said got changed, and so we need to attempt to reconstruct what Jesus Christ actually said by going behind Matthew’s Gospel to the hypothetical, reconstructed words of the historical Jesus.

This anti-inspiration nonsense affects evangelical apologetics. When I debated Shabir Ally he could not believe that I denied that there was a “Q” document and that the gospels were dependent on each other. Other Christians that Shabir debated accepted that these lies were true.

This sort of anti-inspiration and anti-historical nonsense about Q, sources, and redaction is all over evangelicalism and just about completely controls theological liberalism.  It even infects portions of those who call themselves fundamentalist, chiefly among those who deny the perfect preservation of Scripture and so are not King James Only. Beware of “evangelical” commentaries on the Gospels and “evangelical” leaders who adopt critical methods and deny the Biblically faithful and historically accurate view that the synoptic gospels are independent accounts and give us eyewitness testimony.

TDR

New List of Reasons for Maximum Certainty for the New Testament Text

ANSWERING AGAIN THE “WHAT TR?” QUESTION

Sixty-Six Books

Many evangelicals claim maximum certainty on sixty-six books of the Bible.  “Are you certain there are sixty-six books of the BIble?”  “Yes.”  “What verse in the Bible says to expect sixty-six books?”  “None.”  “So what is your basis for sixty-six books of the Bible?”  Many of their reasons would match what I would give for certainty on the text of the Bible, certainty on what the exact words are.

The reasons for certainty on both the books and the words relate to biblical principles for canonicity.  Nothing in the Bible states how many books one should expect though.  And yet these evangelicals still declare maximum certainty about “sixty-six.”  Sixty-six came from God.  No verse saying that, but they still rely on scripture for their certainty.  They don’t have mere confidence for sixty-six books.  They have certainty.

Very often the same evangelicals’ direct inquiries to me about where the Bible says God would preserve the textus receptus, those particular Latin words.  In addition they ask for a verse with the exact words, “King James Version” in a scriptural promise somewhere. They consider these to be “arguments.”

The question arises, “How do we know, for instance, the epistle of James is in the Bible or Galatians or any other single book?”  What gives the certainty for inclusion of particular books?  How do we know when we’re reading Hebrews that it is in fact the Word of God, more than a mere ancient, naturalistic book?

The Preservation of Words

On the other hand, does God promise to preserve His Words perfectly in a single printed edition of the New Testament?  This gets to the crux of the “which TR” question.  Scripture teaches perfect preservation of scripture, but how do we know what the words are?  How do we know what the books are?  The answer is the same to those last two questions.  In fact, scripture talks about words and not about books.  It’s easier to prove the preservation of words from scripture than it is books.

The Bible doesn’t provide naturalistic rules for deciding on the words of the Bible, ones like shorter or more difficult reading and older manuscript.  Men made up those rules and with them, they added, “You can’t be certain.”  God’s Word though says you can and should be certain.  You expect certainty based upon scripture.  The Bible also provides criteria not in the nature of rules, but in presuppositions, promises, and principles.  Scripture provides a template, paradigm, or model for what to expect from God and His preservation of scripture.

I want to review the right presuppositions again.  Again.  I’ve done this a lot, but here we go again, because based on information from my critics, no one answers this. [Not liking the answer does not qualify as not answering.]

I’m going to give a list, because obviously lists are greater click bait.  And if I don’t have a list, I shouldn’t say “list” in my click bait title.

1.  God Inspired Specific, Exact Words, and All of Them.

Not Just the Gist

Someone named Eugene Peterson did a paraphrase of the Bible, called The Message.  That’s very often how people want to deal with scripture.  It’s a message and so the very words don’t matter so much, as long as you get “The Message.”  What’s God saying to you?  Here’s the gist of it, that’s all that matters.  And part of the gist, of course, comes from Eugene Peterson’s brain.

I say, get the gist of scripture.  It’s important.  But that’s not all that matters.  God gave words.  Every one of them matter.  You don’t get the gist without words and God said this in many different passages.  I’m not going to review those with you on this point, but it is true.

Some people miss the gist, and that’s too bad.  They need to and should get that too, but God first gave words.  Christians have believed that every word matters.  God gave specific, exact ones.  He delivered them to His institution.  They received them (think Textus Receptus here).

All of Them

I added, “and all of them,” because God’s Word, the Bible, or scripture is not 50 percent of the exact words or even 95 percent.  It is all of them.  I’m happy to have 10 percent of them, but He gave 100 percent.  I should expect 100 percent.  God even uses the word, “all.”  He gave each Word and then all of them.

God inspired only one Bible.  There are not two.  People don’t have options as to what the Bible is.  It isn’t a multiple choice.  The question, “Which Bible do you use?” does not reflect what the Bible says about itself.  This kind of idea, which is prevalent now in evangelicalism, is destructive and it comes from unbiblical presuppositions about the Bible.

2.  After God Inspired, Inscripturated, or Gave His Words, All of Them, to His People through His Institutions, He Kept Preserving Each of Them and All of Them According to His Promises of Preservation.

Expectations

One can and should expect this second point in the list because God said He would do it.  He promised it.  Evangelicals or modern version proponents very often say God didn’t say “how” he would do it.  But He also did say how he would preserve His Words.  Believers should have those scriptural expectations.  This is part of living by faith.

Preservation of scripture means God keeping each of the words and all of them that He gave.  Keeping them then means their being available to every generation of believers.

The preservation of scripture means what the Bible says that preservation of scripture means.  It does not mean keeping every word in one particular physical handwritten copy that makes its way unblemished down through the following decades, centuries, and millennia or the annals of history.  Every word and all of them would remain available for God’s people.  There isn’t a peep about variants and manuscript evidence.

Not Naturalistic

Before someone goes anywhere else in answering questions about manuscripts, printed editions, and translations, he must settle on the first two points of this list.  He should start with what the Bible says.  He should not begin with an observation of history, “external evidences,” and naturalistic occurrences to which to conform his belief.  The Bible explains its own inspiration and preservation in a very clear way.  It’s not hard to understand.  Everyone will get the text and version issue wrong if he does not get these first two points of this list right.

What I’ve witnessed for decades now exclusively with modern version and critical text adherents is the absence of a biblical presupposition about the preservation of scripture.  They don’t want to touch that.  If that is their basis for how they approach their outcome, they know it will contradict what they’re saying.  What I’ve seen instead is that they start with a criticism or refutation of what has already been published and propagated on the doctrine of preservation through church history.

Presuppositions

Instead of starting with a scriptural position themselves, modern textual criticism proponents begin with naturalistic presuppositions like modernists of the 19th century did.  Based on those, they saw we can’t believe perfect preservation, because it didn’t happen.  They know it didn’t happen because variants exist between manuscripts.  It’s far worse than that even.  Their position starts with tests normally applied to secular literature, which have no promise of preservation because they’re solely of human origin.

Some critical text and modern version proponents straight out deny preservation.  Others don’t have a theology of no preservation of scripture.  They’d be too embarrassed to say that.  Instead they leave their audience with ambiguity, leaving their listeners confused on the subject, playing a shell game.  God’s Word doesn’t teach that.  Anything they call their biblical position arises to criticize someone who starts with a biblical doctrine with the purpose of either denying it, confusing it, or muddling it.

The elimination of a biblical doctrine of preservation affects the authority of scripture.  Critical text and modern version proponents are eradicating the doctrine or preservation ironically to preserve their preference.  In so doing, they cause people to take the Bible less seriously.  When people are not sure whether those are the actual words of God, they are less likely to believe and then keep what they say.

More to Come

AUTHORS OF THE BLOG

  • Kent Brandenburg
  • Thomas Ross

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